The pandemic has changed the way society functions, affecting the system of justice as well. The need to maintain social distance has accelerated changes in the judi-ciary. Remote hearings have emerged. The article attempts to answer the question of whether the e-hearings currently taking place are held in accordance with the principle of equality in view of the phenomenon of digital exclusion occurring in Polish society. An empirical study of remote hearings conducted by a student research group and the author’s own experience in this field make up the empiri­cal resources documenting the technical issues that occur during remote hearings and problems related to digital exclusion.

Pandemia spowodowała zmiany w funkcjonowaniu społeczeństwa, nie omijając też wymiaru sprawiedliwości. Potrzeba zachowania dystansu społecznego przy-spieszyła zmiany w sądownictwie. Wprowadzono rozprawy zdalne. W artykule podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy wobec występującego w społeczeństwie polskim zjawiska wykluczenia cyfrowego prowadzone obecnie e-rozprawy odbywają się w zgodzie z zasadą równości. Przeprowadzone przez studencką grupę badawczą badania empiryczne rozpraw zdalnych i własne doświadczenia autorki w tym zakresie składają się na materiał empiryczny wskazujący na występujące podczas rozpraw zdalnych problemy techniczne i te związane z wykluczeniem cyfrowym.

The aim of the article is to provide an overview of the international and EU law framework concerning the relation between the research and teaching. The analysis of internal regulations of selected European states is provided for a broader vision and comparative perspective. Such an overview constitutes the initial ground for further research and evaluation of the applicable law and its implementation. The article constitutes a summary of the initial phase of the research project dedicated to the impact of the legal research on legal education based on the projects funded by the Polish National Science Centre.

The necessity of providing healthcare to citizens is one of the basic principles of every state, regulated by provisions of national, EU or international law and comple-mented by soft law. Civilisational changes and technological advancement make it possible to develop new healthcare tools and services (i.a. telemonitoring, telecon-sulting, telerehabilitation and electronic medical documentation). The COVID-19 pandemic greatly emphasised the need to provide such services. The wide use of e-health, however, which may be a remedy for numerous problems that the health-care sector is wrestling with, requires securing the rights of those who are not digitally included, especially the elderly. The prevalence of various degrees of digital exclusion, not only among the elderly, makes these issues socially significant and they should be solved by law. The purpose of the article is an initial analysis of the validity of developing e-health services in the ageing society in Poland and a presentation of proposals for adjusting legal solutions as regards the use of digital tools in healthcare to the changing reality.

A sole proprietorship is the most common form of running a business. The number of enterprises operated in Poland has been growing dynamically for over 30 years. At the same time, the population of Poland is the fastest ageing society in the EU. In the light of the above, many enterprises may soon face the problem of maintaining business continuity in the event of death of their owners. The article attempts to evaluate the implementation of the institution of succession management of a natural person’s enterprise into the Polish legal framework one year after new solutions were offered to Polish entrepreneurs. To this ennd, the way how entrepreneurs make use of this institution has been analysed.

Recent years in Poland have been marked by a heated discussion on the system of education in place. A significant contribution to the discussion was the 2018 Law on Higher Education and Science Act, redefining the current operating model of higher education institutions. Tertiary education and the way it is organised are set in a global environment with an indefinite number of stakeholders. The turbulent nature and changeability of this environment has surfaced even more strongly in the light of the current COVID-19 pandemic. All this requires looking at the design of curricula and the delivery of the process of education from a broader angle, identifying the internal and the external stakeholders and determining their expectations as well as the capabilities to affect higher education institutions and the very process of education. The article points to the area of research made in the said domain, offering a description of the current state of affairs.