en pl
en pl

Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem

Show issue
Year 12/2021 
Volume 13 
Issue 4

Investigating Citizens’ Concern About Corruption and Anti-corruption: A Case Study in Vietnam

Tuan Van Vu
Hanoi Law University

Oanh Cao
Hanoi Law University

12/2021 13 (4) Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem

DOI 10.7206/kp.2080-1084.500

Article contents

Abstract

Corruption has been the centre of attention on a global scale. Almost all studies concentrate on corruptive effects on the governance, economics or politics. This paper investigates the citizens’ perceptions towards corruption and anti-corruption in Vietnam. This is a new look contributing to the panoramic picture of anti-corrup-tion. The study employed a descriptive approach with a researcher-made ques-tionnaire for 385 respondents selected by a stratified random sampling method based on Cochran’s formula. It was found out that preventive measures and corrup tion laws are not severe enough to admonish corruption offenders. Transpa-rency is not highly promoted for people to access information, so citizens’ super-vision is not very effective. There is a mismatch between citizens’ perceptions and external organisations’ assessment. It is necessary to implement anti-corruption law strictly and renovate people’s right to get corruptive information. Moreover, the government should recheck and adjust preventive anti-corruption laws to match each specific type of corruption. Urgently, the operation of the state appa-ratus ought to cooperate and join hands to combat corruption. It is advisable for the government to collaborate with external organisations to exchange experience in curbing corruption

References

  1. Alfano V., Capasso S., Goel R.K., EU accession: A Boon or Bane for Corruption?, “Journal of Economics and Finance” 2020, 45(1), pp. 1–21, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12197-020-09522-8. [Google Scholar]
  2. Asongu A.S., Globalization, (Fighting) Corruption and Development: How Are These Phenomena Linearly and Nonlinearly Related in Wealth Effects?, “Munich Personal RePEc Archive” 2012, pp. 1–31, https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/36899 (access: 06.2021). [Google Scholar]
  3. Bayar Y., Alakbarov N., Corruption and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows in Emerging Market Economies, “Ecoforum” 2016, 5(2), pp. 303–308, http://www.ecoforumjournal.ro/index.php/eco/article/view/431 (access: 17.06.2021). [Google Scholar]
  4. Bearfield A.D., What Is Patronage? A Critical Reexamination, “Public Administration Review” 2009, 69(1), pp. 64–76, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2008.01941.x. [Google Scholar]
  5. Belgibayeva A., Plekhanov A., Does Corruption Matter for Sources of Foreign Direct Investment?, “Review of World Economics” 2019, 155(1), pp. 487–510, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10290-019-00354-1. [Google Scholar]
  6. Bentzen J.S., How Bad Is Corruption? Cross-country Evidence of the Impact of Corruption on Economic Prosperity, “Review of Development Economics” 2012, 16(1), pp. 164–187, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2011.00653.x. [Google Scholar]
  7. Clausen B., Kraay A., Nyiri Z., Corruption and Confidence in Public Institutions: Evidence from a Global Survey, “The World Bank Economic Review” 2011, 25(1), pp. 212–249, https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhr018. [Google Scholar]
  8. Cochran W.G., Sampling Techniques, 3rd ed., New York 1977. [Google Scholar]
  9. Cronbach L.J., Coefficient Alpha and the Internal Structure of Tests, “Psychometrika” 1951, 16, pp. 297–334, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310555. [Google Scholar]
  10. Dahlström C., Bureaucracy and Corruption, [in:] P.M. Heywood (ed.), Routledge Handbook of Political Corruption, Routledge 2014, pp. 110–120, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315739175. [Google Scholar]
  11. Dornyei Z., Taguchi T., Questionnaires in Second Language Research: Construction, Administration and Processing, 2nd ed., New York 2010. [Google Scholar]
  12. Gil-Pareja S., Llorca-Vivero R., Martínez-Serrano J.A., Corruption and International Trade: A Comprehensive Analysis With Gravity, “Applied Economic Analysis” 2019, 27(79), pp. 3–20, https://doi.org/10.1108/AEA-06-2019-0003. [Google Scholar]
  13. Heywood P.M. (ed.), Routledge Handbook of Political Corruption, Routledge 2014, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315739175. [Google Scholar]
  14. Hough D., Corruption, Anti-Corruption and Governance, [in:] P.M. Heywood, D. Hough (eds.), Political Corruption and Governance, Palgrave–Macmillan 2013, https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137268716. [Google Scholar]
  15. Hindess B., Good Government and Corruption, [in:] P. Larmour, N. Wolanin (eds.), Corruption and Anti-corruption, Canberra 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.22459/CAC.03.2013.01. [Google Scholar]
  16. Ivanyna M., Mourmouras A., Rangazas P., The Macroeconomics of Corruption. Governance and Growth, “Springer Texts Business, Economics” 2018, 1(1), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68666-0. [Google Scholar]
  17. Kratcoski C.P., Edelbacher M. (eds.), Fraud and Corruption, Cham 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92333-8. [Google Scholar]
  18. Larmour P., Wolanin N. (eds.), Corruption and Anti-Corruption, Canberra 2013, http://doi.org/10.22459/CAC.03.2013. doi.org/10.22459/CAC.03.2013. [Google Scholar]
  19. Manacorda S., Centonze F., Forti G., Preventing Corporate Corruption: The Anti-Bribery Compliance Model, Springer 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04480-4. [Google Scholar]
  20. Maruichi D., Abe M., Corruption and the Business Environment in Vietnam: Implications from an Empirical Study, “Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies” 2019, 6(2), pp. 222–245, https://doi.org/10.1002/app5.275. [Google Scholar]
  21. Menocal A.R., Taxell N., Why Corruption Matters: Understanding Causes, Effects and How to Address Them: Evidence Paper on Corruption, Department for International Development [UK], January 2015, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/why-corruption-matters-understanding-causes-effects-and-how-to-address-them (access: 06.2021). [Google Scholar]
  22. Murray T., Corruption in Developing Countries: What Keeping It in the Family Means for Everyone Else, “Osgoode Hall Law Journal” 2015, 53(1), pp. 268–300, https://digitalcommons. osgoode.yorku.ca/ohlj/vol53/iss1/8 (access: 17.06.2021). [Google Scholar]
  23. Mudacumura G.M., Multiple Dimensions of Governance, [in:] G.M. Mudacumura, G. Morçöl (eds.), Challenges to Democratic Governance in Developing Countries, Public Administration, Governance and Globalization, Vol. 11, Cham 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03143-9_1. [Google Scholar]
  24. Nwankwo F.O., Impact of Corruption on Economic Growth in Nigeria, “Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences” 2014, 5(6), pp. 41–46, https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n6p41. [Google Scholar]
  25. Olken A.B., Pande R., Corruption in Developing Countries, “Annual Review of Economics” 2012, 4(1), pp. 479–509, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080511-110917. [Google Scholar]
  26. Ozsahin S., Ucler G., The Consequences of Corruption on Inflation in Developing Countries: [Google Scholar]
  27. Evidence From Panel Cointegration and Causality Tests, “Economies” 2017, 5(4), pp. 1–15, https://doi.org/10.3390/economies5040049. [Google Scholar]
  28. Quazi M.R., Corruption and Foreign Direct Investment in East Asia and South Asia: An Econometric Study, “International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues” 2014, 4(2), pp. 231–242, https://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/view/695 (access: 06.2021). [Google Scholar]
  29. Ravelo L.J., 30 Percent of Aid Lost to Corruption – Ban Ki-moon, “The Development Newswire” [blog] 10.07.2012, www.devex.com/news/30-percent-of-aid-lost-to-corruption-ban-ki-moon-78643 (access: 17.06.2021). [Google Scholar]
  30. Richey S., The Impact of Corruption on Social Trust, “American Politics Research” 2010, 38(4), pp. 676–690, https://doi.org/10.1177/1532673X09341531. [Google Scholar]
  31. Sahakyan N., Stiegert K.W., Corruption and Firm Performance, “Eastern European Economics” 2012, 50(6), pp. 5–27, https://doi.org/10.2753/EEE0012-8775500601. [Google Scholar]
  32. Sanchez A., Criminal Entrepreneurship: A Political Economy of Corruption and Organized Crime in India, [in:] P.M. Heywood (ed.), Routledge Handbook of Political Corruption, Routledge 2014, pp. 67–76, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315739175. [Google Scholar]
  33. Schoor V.B., Fighting Corruption Collectively: How Successful Are Sector-Specific Coordinated Governance Initiatives in Curbing Corruption?, Wiesbaden 2017, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-17838-3. [Google Scholar]
  34. Seumas M. (eds.), Corruption and Anti-Corruption in Policing – Philosophical and Ethical Issues, Springer 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46991-1. [Google Scholar]
  35. Sylla K., Defining Corruption in the Cultural Context of Sub-Saharan Africa, [in:] G.M. Mudacumura, G. Morçöl (eds.), Challenges to Democratic Governance in Developing Countries, Public Administration, Governance and Globalization, Vol. 11, Cham 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03143-9_11. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03143-9_11. [Google Scholar]
  36. Tingting L., Yu L., Barkat U., Zuobao W., Lixin C.X., The Dark Side of Transparency in Developing Countries: The Link Between Financial Reporting Practices and Corruption, “Journal of Corporate Finance” 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2020.101829. [Google Scholar]
  37. The World Bank, Corruption from the Perspective of Citizens, Firms, and Public Officials, 2nd ed., National Political Publishing House 2013, http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/989741468133546312/pdf/738070REVISED0000January02013000ENG pdf (access: 17.06.2021). [Google Scholar]
  38. United Nations, United Nations Convention against Corruption, 2004, https://www.unodc.org/documents/brussels/UN_Convention_Against_Corruption.pdf (access: 17.06.2021). [Google Scholar]
  39. Uslaner E.M., The Consequences of Corruption, [in:] P.M. Heywood (ed.), Routledge Handbook of Political Corruption, Routlege 2014, pp. 199–211, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315739175. [Google Scholar]
  40. Worthy B., McClean T., Freedom of Information and Corruption, [in:] P.M. Heywood (ed.), Routledge Handbook of Political Corruption, Routlege 2014, pp. 347–358, https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315739175. [Google Scholar]

Full metadata record

Cite this record

APA style

Vu, Tuan Van & Cao, Oanh Thi (2021). Investigating Citizens’ Concern About Corruption and Anti-corruption: A Case Study in Vietnam. (2021). Investigating Citizens’ Concern About Corruption and Anti-corruption: A Case Study in Vietnam. Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia Nad Prawem, 13(4), 189–216. https://doi.org/10.7206/kp.2080-1084.500 (Original work published 12/2021AD)

MLA style

Vu, Tuan Van and Cao, Oanh Thi. “Investigating Citizens’ Concern About Corruption And Anti-Corruption: A Case Study In Vietnam”. 12/2021AD. Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia Nad Prawem, vol. 13, no. 4, 2021, pp. 189–216.

Chicago style

Vu, Tuan Van and Cao, Oanh Thi. “Investigating Citizens’ Concern About Corruption And Anti-Corruption: A Case Study In Vietnam”. Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia Nad Prawem, Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem, 13, no. 4 (2021): 189–216. doi:10.7206/kp.2080-1084.500.

People also read: