The article presents some skills, areas and approaches commonly used by coaches in different coaching models to affect their clients. Selected parts are compared with mechanisms described by social psychology. It is shown how the coaching process has a positive influence on achieving the defined goals and objectives, and how this efficiency can be explained based on psychological mechanisms and concepts.

Me article encourages mak ing use of the scienti&c k nowledge from developmental psycholog y. It replies to the thesis that coaching needs areliable theor y based on scientific research for achiev ing higher professionalism. A s there is such athing as coaching psycholog y, its scientific basis can easily be adult developmental psychology. It is based on the concept of the human life track. Me end of development is not (as it cannot be) childhood or adolescence. According to the human life track concept humans also develop throughout their adult life. Mere are indicatorsof this development, conditions for supporting it and even developmental task per-formance, which lets one achieve wellbeing, or even personal and professional happiness.

Me article presents an evidence-based approach. It focuses on the meaning of psychologi-cal knowledge and the research &ndings relating to the increase in credibility and eVcacy of coaching practice, and also the development of coaching as amethod of support.

This article presents arguments for applying the transactional analysis (TA) in the coaching. Theoretical notions, techniques and workings models of TA can arrange a practice of coaching. Coaching simply needs many theories as sources of its inspiration. TA refers to a current of positive psychology. It discusses a norm and a supporting the development and it does not concentrate on pathology. TA is the conception, which the language is simply, blunt and humorous.

The article was written specifically to introduce sport coaching goal, tools and scope of interest. The article will also be a valuable reference for athletes, trainers, coaches and sport psychologists. We presented of the field of sport coaching including history of sport psychology and coaching, relation between disciplines and techniques used. The section presents sport coaching, life coaching and business coaching comparison and case studies.

The article presents the original PERMA model of coaching. Theoretical bases of the model are outlined, i.e. the Authentic Happiness Theory, along with three models devised by Martin Seligman: the pleasant life, the good (committed) life and the meaningful life, as well as his well-being theory formulated later. Authors also refer to the concept of character strengths and virtues introduced by Christopher Peterson and Martin Seligman, and propose the application of the classification of character strengths and virtues VIA (Values in Action) in the coaching process based on the PERMA model.

The author looks at the coach throughout the prism of two psychological variables: personality and wellbeing. For many years, personality has been one of the subjects of the debate on professional efficiency, whereas wellbeing is both a notion explored by positive psychology and an important area of interest for coaching. As the coach is one of the two parties of the coaching process, the paper presents a theoretical discussion on the existence of personality traits that predispose a person to the coaching profession. In other words, the author strives to ascertain whether the personality traits and the wellbeing of the coach contribute to coaching being a positive activity and an effective method of influence.