Purpose: The technological progress of production processes causes changes in the social structure
of work, i.e. modifies the content of most, if not all, workplaces. In that respect, the identification
of changes in the intensity of creativeness, the level of education, and the experience of employees
in production processes and occupational tasks is a particularly important issue. The article investigates
the interdependence among work creativity, education, and job experience of employees of
one of the municipal companies operating in Poland.

Methodology: The study employs firm-level data covering over 2,200 observations. The study gathered
data from three major internal sources of information: the scopes of responsibilities of organizational
positions, personnel documentation regarding the individual level of education and
professional experience, and the results of interviews with executive staff and employees on particular
posts. The research proceedings base on document analysis, structured interviews, teamwork
methods, and a classification technique.

Results: Research revealed that the complexity of work increased in the company. Jobs requiring
higher levels of creativity are occupied by employees with relatively higher education. However,
their average level of education in the analyzed period decreased as opposed to jobs that require
relatively lower levels of creativity. The analysis of interdependence between creativity and job
experience identified that there emerged a relatively shorter average job experience for employees
who perform cognitive work. Moreover, the average job experience increased in the group of employees
who perform routine manual and non-routine cognitive work.

Implications: The study refers to the job polarization issue by confirming the tendencies of labor
markets. It also addresses issues concerned with technological progress, although they are not
confirmed by research in this paper.

Originality/Value: The main contribution of the paper is the interesting dataset gathered. Furthermore,
the paper addresses an interesting question where empirical research at the firm level is
lacking, particularly municipal company.

Purpose: This paper examines the changing behavior of two calendar anomalies in African stock
returns – the month-of-the-year and the intra-month effects – and their implications for the adaptive
market hypothesis (AMH).
Methodology: We applied two-stage Markov switching models (MSMs) instead of the conventional
single state regression model. The sample period includes the daily index return of Nigerian, South
African, Mauritian, Moroccan, and Tunisian stock exchanges from January 1998 to February 2018.
Findings: We found that (i) all the markets except for the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) have
a higher tendency to be in bearish state than bullish state, (ii) month-of-the-year and intra-month
effects appear in one regime and disappear in another regime, and (iii) the behavior of calendar
anomalies is affected by market conditions and conforms to AMH rather than the efficient market
hypothesis (EMH).
Practical Implications: We present that (i) calendar anomaly is a characteristic that changes under
different regimes or market conditions in African stock markets, (ii) active investment management
may yield profits for market participants, depending on the market conditions and the anomaly in
question, and (iii) the right approach would be for investors to consider each market with its own
peculiarity even when they are in the same continent.
Originality/Value: The sensitivity of the month-of-the-year and the intra-month effects to market
conditions has not been documented in African stock markets, especially with the use of
regime-switching models

Purpose: The article is a review aimed at presenting the concept of and available knowledge on
teal organizations and at indicating further research objectives.
Methodology: Research methods employed in the study included a systematic review of the literature, along with its critical analysis and logical deduction.
Findings: The analysis shows that teal management – based on self-organization – may prove to be an opportunity for companies to adapt to changing circumstances. The teal organization concept is a true revolution in modern management, as it rejects all systems and previously immutable rules of the business world. The subject requires further empirical research.
Research limitations: Limitations apply to both the concept of teal organizations itself and the literature review. Since the teal organization concept was established in 2015, there is a lack of reviews and scientific studies or in-depth empirical research on this topic. Thus, the articles included in the review do not exhaust the issue.
Implications: The issues discussed in the article require further scientific research, primarily empirical. The said research should cover various aspects, such as building a culture of trust and self-organization, leadership (3.0), management through values, and new management methods.
Value: This is the first publication in this field that falls within this research gap. This study constitutesa significant contribution to the development of research on the concept of teal organizations.