en pl
en pl

Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem

Show issue
Volume 14 
Issue 4

Freedom of Expression of Judges within the Boundaries of Private Life: Cultural and Gender Dimensions

Nadire Özdemir
Ankara University Law School

14 (4) Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem

DOI 10.7206/kp.2080-1084.559

Article contents

Abstract

This paper focuses on the issue of whether the boundaries of the private lives of judges are shaped according to cultural conditions and gender. My main assumption is that gender inequality in a culture is reflected in how the boundaries of the private life of judges are interpreted. In this regard, women judges may face more restrictions than their male colleagues in what they wear, what they do and what they say in their lives generally. And ultimately, an interpretation of private life that reinforces gender roles also limits the freedom of expression. I concretise my discussion regarding gender stereotypes that influence what judges do or say in their private lives in different cultures.

References

  1. Balcı E., Hukuk Mesleklerinde Kadınlar, Ankara 2018. [Google Scholar]
  2. Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct (2002) https://www.unodc.org/pdf/crime/corruption/judicial_group/Bangalore_principles.pdf (access: 10.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  3. Bychawska-Siniarska D., Protecting the Right to Freedom of Expression Under the European Convention on Human Rights: A Handbook for Legal Practitioners, 2007, https://rm.coe.int/handbook-freedom-of-expression-eng/1680732814 (access: 10.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  4. Commentary on the Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct, https://www.unodc.org/documents/nigeria/publications/Otherpublications/Commentry_on_the_Bangalore_principles_of_Judicial_Conduct.pdf (access: 10.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  5. Cotterrell R., Law, Culture and Society: Legal Ideas in the Mirror of Social Theory, Aldershot 2006. [Google Scholar]
  6. Court of Cassation Codes of Conduct, https://www.yargitay.gov.tr/documents/CoC_CodesofConduct.pdf (access: 10.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  7. Dunne P., Mulder J., Beyond the Binary: Towards the Third Sex Category in Germany, “German Law Journal” June 2018, 19(3), pp. 627–648. [Google Scholar]
  8. Friedman L.M., The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective, New York 1975. [Google Scholar]
  9. İnceoğlu S., Yargı Bağımsızlığı ve Yargıya Güven Ekseninde Yargıcın Davranış İlkeleri, İstanbul 2008. [Google Scholar]
  10. Judge Victoria Kolakowski, https://www.cppr.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Judge--Victoria-Kolakowski-Bio.pdf (access: 20.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  11. Junqueira B.E., Women in the Judiciary: A Perspective from Brazil, [in:] U. Schultz, G. Shaw (eds.), Women in the World’s Legal Professions, Hart Publishing 2003. [Google Scholar]
  12. Kalem S., Being a woman judge in Turkish Judicial Culture, “International Journal of the Legal Profession” 2019. [Google Scholar]
  13. Köksal L., Didem neden öldü?, “Ankara Barosu Dergisi” 2015, 73(4), p. 21–26. [Google Scholar]
  14. Kuyucu N., Muhafazakarlığın Hedefinde Bir Kadın Yargıç: AİHM’nin Özpınar Kararı, “Ankara Barosu Dergisi” 2015, 4, pp. 294–295. [Google Scholar]
  15. Lessons to be learnt from German experience with gender recognition, https://www.irishtimes.com/news/crime-and-law/lessons-to-be-learnt-from-german-experience-with-gender-recognition-1.2103022 (access: 20.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  16. McClain M., Waite-Wright O., The LGBT Community in Turkey: Discrimination, Violence, and the Struggle for Equality, “Creighton International and Comparative Law Journal” 2016, [Google Scholar]
  17. 7(1), pp. 152–181. [Google Scholar]
  18. Menkel-Meadow C., Private Lives and Professional Responsibilities? The Relationship of Personal Morality to Lawyering and Professional Ethics, “Pace Law Review” 2001, 21(2), pp. 365–394. [Google Scholar]
  19. Schmidt-Rantsch J., Transgender Recognition in Germany: The Role of the German Courts, “University College Dublin Law Review” 2015, 15, pp. 1–16. [Google Scholar]
  20. Schultz U., Introduction: Women in the World’s Legal Professions: Overview and Synthesis, [in:] U. Schultz, G. Shaw (eds.), Women in the World’s Legal Professions, Hart Publishing 2003. [Google Scholar]
  21. Shen A., Women Judges in Contemporary China Gender, Judging and Living, Palgrave MacMillan 2017. [Google Scholar]
  22. Sunata U., Makaraci Basak A., Oktem Cevik S., Legal Gender Recognition in Turkey, “International Journal of Discrimination and the Law” 2022, 22(1), pp. 56–73. [Google Scholar]
  23. Taşcıoğlu E., States of Exception: Legal Governance of Trans Women in Urban Turkey, “Social & Legal Studies” 2021, 30(3), pp. 384–404. [Google Scholar]
  24. Thornton M., Roberts H., Women Judges, Private Lives: (In)Visibilities in Fact and Fiction, “University of New South Wales Law Journal” 2017, 40(2), pp. 761–777. [Google Scholar]
  25. Turmen R., LGBT Rights: A Struggle for Democracy and Freedom, “Ankara Bar Review” 2014, 7(1), pp. 11–20. [Google Scholar]
  26. Victoria McCloud, a transgender judge, wants a more diverse judiciary, https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/victoria-mccloud-a-transgender-judge-wants-a-more-diverse-judiciary-jc7rqhbc9 (access: 20.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  27. Balcı E., Hukuk Mesleklerinde Kadınlar, Ankara 2018. [Google Scholar]
  28. Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct (2002) https://www.unodc.org/pdf/crime/corruption/judicial_group/Bangalore_principles.pdf (access: 10.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  29. Bychawska-Siniarska D., Protecting the Right to Freedom of Expression Under the European Convention on Human Rights: A Handbook for Legal Practitioners, 2007, https://rm.coe.int/handbook-freedom-of-expression-eng/1680732814 (access: 10.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  30. Commentary on the Bangalore Principles of Judicial Conduct, https://www.unodc.org/documents/nigeria/publications/Otherpublications/Commentry_on_the_Bangalore_principles_of_Judicial_Conduct.pdf (access: 10.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  31. Cotterrell R., Law, Culture and Society: Legal Ideas in the Mirror of Social Theory, Aldershot 2006. [Google Scholar]
  32. Court of Cassation Codes of Conduct, https://www.yargitay.gov.tr/documents/CoC_CodesofConduct.pdf (access: 10.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  33. Dunne P., Mulder J., Beyond the Binary: Towards the Third Sex Category in Germany, “German Law Journal” June 2018, 19(3), pp. 627–648. [Google Scholar]
  34. Friedman L.M., The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective, New York 1975. [Google Scholar]
  35. İnceoğlu S., Yargı Bağımsızlığı ve Yargıya Güven Ekseninde Yargıcın Davranış İlkeleri, İstanbul 2008. [Google Scholar]
  36. Judge Victoria Kolakowski, https://www.cppr.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Judge--Victoria-Kolakowski-Bio.pdf (access: 20.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  37. Junqueira B.E., Women in the Judiciary: A Perspective from Brazil, [in:] U. Schultz, G. Shaw (eds.), Women in the World’s Legal Professions, Hart Publishing 2003. [Google Scholar]
  38. Kalem S., Being a woman judge in Turkish Judicial Culture, “International Journal of the Legal Profession” 2019. [Google Scholar]
  39. Köksal L., Didem neden öldü?, “Ankara Barosu Dergisi” 2015, 73(4), p. 21–26. [Google Scholar]
  40. Kuyucu N., Muhafazakarlığın Hedefinde Bir Kadın Yargıç: AİHM’nin Özpınar Kararı, “Ankara Barosu Dergisi” 2015, 4, pp. 294–295. [Google Scholar]
  41. Lessons to be learnt from German experience with gender recognition, https://www.irishtimes.com/news/crime-and-law/lessons-to-be-learnt-from-german-experience-with-gender-recognition-1.2103022 (access: 20.05.2022). [Google Scholar]
  42. McClain M., Waite-Wright O., The LGBT Community in Turkey: Discrimination, Violence, and the Struggle for Equality, “Creighton International and Comparative Law Journal” 2016, [Google Scholar]
  43. 7(1), pp. 152–181. [Google Scholar]
  44. Menkel-Meadow C., Private Lives and Professional Responsibilities? The Relationship of Personal Morality to Lawyering and Professional Ethics, “Pace Law Review” 2001, 21(2), pp. 365–394. [Google Scholar]
  45. Schmidt-Rantsch J., Transgender Recognition in Germany: The Role of the German Courts, “University College Dublin Law Review” 2015, 15, pp. 1–16. [Google Scholar]
  46. Schultz U., Introduction: Women in the World’s Legal Professions: Overview and Synthesis, [in:] U. Schultz, G. Shaw (eds.), Women in the World’s Legal Professions, Hart Publishing 2003. [Google Scholar]
  47. Shen A., Women Judges in Contemporary China Gender, Judging and Living, Palgrave MacMillan 2017. [Google Scholar]
  48. Sunata U., Makaraci Basak A., Oktem Cevik S., Legal Gender Recognition in Turkey, “International Journal of Discrimination and the Law” 2022, 22(1), pp. 56–73. [Google Scholar]
  49. Taşcıoğlu E., States of Exception: Legal Governance of Trans Women in Urban Turkey, “Social & Legal Studies” 2021, 30(3), pp. 384–404. [Google Scholar]
  50. Thornton M., Roberts H., Women Judges, Private Lives: (In)Visibilities in Fact and Fiction, “University of New South Wales Law Journal” 2017, 40(2), pp. 761–777. [Google Scholar]
  51. Turmen R., LGBT Rights: A Struggle for Democracy and Freedom, “Ankara Bar Review” 2014, 7(1), pp. 11–20. [Google Scholar]
  52. Victoria McCloud, a transgender judge, wants a more diverse judiciary, https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/victoria-mccloud-a-transgender-judge-wants-a-more-diverse-judiciary-jc7rqhbc9 (access: 20.05.2022). [Google Scholar]

Full metadata record

Cite this record

APA style

Özdemir, Nadire (2022). Freedom of Expression of Judges within the Boundaries of Private Life: Cultural and Gender Dimensions. (2022). Freedom of Expression of Judges within the Boundaries of Private Life: Cultural and Gender Dimensions. Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia Nad Prawem, 14(4). https://doi.org/10.7206/kp.2080-1084.559

MLA style

Özdemir, Nadire. “Freedom Of Expression Of Judges Within The Boundaries Of Private Life: Cultural And Gender Dimensions”. Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia Nad Prawem, vol. 14, no. 4, 2022.

Chicago style

Özdemir, Nadire. “Freedom Of Expression Of Judges Within The Boundaries Of Private Life: Cultural And Gender Dimensions”. Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia Nad Prawem, Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem, 14, no. 4 (2022). doi:10.7206/kp.2080-1084.559.

Copyright info

copyright info

CC-BY

People also read: