Mediating Effect of Work Self-Efficacy on the Relationship Between Psychosocial Safety Climate and Workplace Safety Behaviors Among Bank Employees After Covid-19 Lockdown

Akanni, Abimbola A.; Ajila, Chris O.; Omisile, Idowu O.; Ndubueze, Kelechi N.

Abstract

Purpose: Studies find that psychosocial safety climate is positively associated with workplace safety behaviors. However, the mechanism through which psychosocial safety climate exerts its effect needs further investigation. Therefore, this study investigated the indirect effect of work self-efficacy in the relationship between psychosocial safety climate and workplace safety behaviors.

Methodology: Participants, who were 155 bank workers (F=66.5%; mean age= 33.9, SD=6.4), responded to an online survey of workplace safety behavior scale (WSBS), psychosocial safety climate scale (PSC-12), and work self-efficacy scale (WSES).

Results: Results from correlational analyses revealed that psychosocial safety climate positively related to workplace safety behaviors. Moreover, work self-efficacy positively correlated to workplace safety behaviors. The mediation analysis using Hayes Process Macros indicated an indirect effect of work self-efficacy in the relationship between psychosocial safety climate and workplace safety behaviors. Creating a psychosocially safe climate may enhance bank workers’ safety behaviors in the period after the Covid-19 pandemic.

Keywords

bank-workers (1)COVID-19 (15)psychosocial safety climate (1)workplace safety behavior (1)work self-efficacy (1)

References

Agaja, S.A. (2012). Appraisal of safety climate in government and private analytical laboratories in Warri Delta state, Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 1(7), 34–35. [Google Scholar]
Alessandri, G., Filosa, L., Eisenberg, N. and Caprara, G.V. (2021). Within-individual relations of emotional, social, and work self-efficacy beliefs to organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Research in Personality, 91, 104073, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104073. [Google Scholar]
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York, NY: Freeman. [Google Scholar]
Becher, H. and Dollard, M. (2016) Psychosocial safety climate (PSC) and better productivity in Australian workplaces. A publication of Asia Pacific Centre for Work Health and Safety. [Google Scholar]
Beus, J.M., Payne, S.C., Bergman, M.E., Arthur Jr, W. (2010). Safety climate and injuries: an examination of theoretical and empirical relationships. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(4), 713–727. [Google Scholar]
Bond, S., Tuckey, M., and Dollard, M. (2010). Psychosocial safety climate, workplace bullying, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Organization Development Journal, 28, 37–56. [Google Scholar]
Chen, C.F., and Chen, S.C. (2014). Measuring the effects of safety management system practices, morality leadership and self-efficacy on pilots’ safety behaviors: Safety motivation as a mediator. Safety Science, 62, 376–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2013.09.013. [Google Scholar]
Chughtai, A.A. (2015). Creating safer workplaces: the role of ethical leadership. Safety Science, 73, 92–98. [Google Scholar]
Conchie, S. M. (2013). Transformational leadership, intrinsic motivation, and trust: A moderated-mediated model of workplace safety. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(2), 198–210. [Google Scholar]
Curcuruto, M., Parker, S.K. and Griffin, M.A. (2019). Proactivity towards workplace safety improvement: an investigation of its motivational drivers and organizational outcomes. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2019.1572115. [Google Scholar]
Dollard, M.F. and Bakker, A.B. (2010). Psychosocial safety climate as a precursor to conducive work environments, psychological health problems, and employee engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(3), 579–599. [Google Scholar]
Dollard, M., Tuckey, M.R., & Dormann, C. (2012). Psychosocial safety climate moderates the job demand-resource interaction in predicting workgroup distress. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 45, 694–704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap. 2011.09.042. [Google Scholar]
Griffin, M.A. and Neal, A. (2000). Perceptions of safety at work: a framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge and motivation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(3), 337–345. https://10.1037//1076-8998.5.3.347. [Google Scholar]
Hayes, A.F. (2013) Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach, The Guilford Press, New York, NY. [Google Scholar]
Hayes, A.F. (2018). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process analysis: A Regression-Based Approach, Second Edition. Available at: http://afhayes.com/introduction-to-mediation-moderation-and-conditional-process-analysis.html (10.04.21). [Google Scholar]
Ishola A. A. (2017). Workplace Safety Management as Correlates of Well-being among factory workers in Ibadan, Nigeria. African Journal of Social Work, 7(2). [Google Scholar]
Loeb, C. (2016). Self-efficacy at work: social, emotional, and cognitive dimensions. Mälardalen University Press Dissertations, No. 208. Sweden, Mälardalen University. Available at: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:963036/FULLTEXT03.pdf (10.04.21). [Google Scholar]
Luthans, F., Youssef, C.M., and Avolio, B.J. (2007). Psychological Capital. New York: Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar]
Lyu, S., Hon, C.K.H., Chan, A.P.C., Wong, F.K.W. and Javed, A.A. (2018). Relationship among safety climate, safety behavior, and safety outcomes for ethnic minority construction workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15, 484. [Google Scholar]
Muchiri, M.K., McMurray, A.J., Nkhoma, M. and Pham, H.C. (2019). How transformational and empowering leader behaviors enhance workplace safety: a review and research agenda. The Journal of Developing Areas, 53(1), 257–265. [Google Scholar]
Nadhim, E. A., Hon, C., Xia, B., Stewart, I. and Fang, D. (2018). Investigating the relationships between safety climate and safety performance indicators in retrofitting works. Construction Economics and Building, 18(2), 110–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/AJCEB.v18i2.5994. [Google Scholar]
Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC, 2020). Guidelines for employers and businesses in Nigeria. Available at: https://covid19.ncdc.gov.ng/media/files/Covid19GuideforBusinesses_1.pdf (10.04.21). [Google Scholar]
Nykanen, M., Salmela-Aro, K., Tolvanen, A., and Vuori, J. (2019). Safety self-efficacy and internal locus of control as mediators of safety motivation – Randomized controlled trial (RCT) study. Safety Science, 117, 330–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.04.037. [Google Scholar]
Otitolaiye, V. O. (2016). The mediating effect of safety management system on the relationship between safety culture and safety performance in Lagos food and beverage manufacturing industries. Unpublished master’s thesis, University Utara Malaysia. [Google Scholar]
Prochazka, J., Gilova, H. and Vaculik, M. (2017). The relationship between transformational leadership and engagement: self-efficacy as a mediator. Journal of Leadership Studies, 11(2), 22–33, https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21518. [Google Scholar]
Salkovskis, P.M. (1991). The importance of behavior in the maintenance of anxiety and panic: A cognitive account. Behavioral and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 19(1), 6–19. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0141347300011472. [Google Scholar]
Singh, S.K., Pradhan, R. K., Panigrahy, N.P. and Jena, L.K. (2019). Self-efficacy and workplace well-being: moderating role of sustainability practices. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 26(6):1692–1708. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-07-2018-0219. [Google Scholar]
Stajkovic, A.D. and Luthans, F. (1998). Self-efficacy and work-related performance: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 124(2), 240–261. [Google Scholar]
Toppazzini, M.A. and Wiener, K.K.K. (2017). Making workplaces safer: the influence of organizational climate and individual differences on safety behavior. Heliyon, 3(e00334), 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00334. [Google Scholar]
Towler, A. (2019). Self-efficacy and job performance: a primer for management practitioners. Available at: https://www.ckju.net/en/dossier/self-efficacy-and-job-performance-primer-management-practitioners (10.04.21). [Google Scholar]
Vinodkumar, M.N. and Bhasi, M. (2010). Safety management practices and safety behavior: Assessing the mediating role of safety knowledge and motivation, Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42(2), 2082–2093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.06.021. [Google Scholar]
Yulita, Idris, M.A., and Dollard, M. (2016). Psychosocial safety climate: Past, present, and future research. In: A. Shimazu, R. Bin, M. Dollard, and J. Oakman (eds.), Psychosocial factors at work in the Asia Pacific (pp. 89–134). Cham, United States of America: Springer. [Google Scholar]

Full metadata record

Cite this record

APA style

Akanni, Abimbola A. & Ajila, Chris O. & Omisile, Idowu O. & Ndubueze, Kelechi N. (2021). Mediating Effect of Work Self-Efficacy on the Relationship Between Psychosocial Safety Climate and Workplace Safety Behaviors Among Bank Employees After Covid-19 Lockdown. (2021). Mediating Effect of Work Self-Efficacy on the Relationship Between Psychosocial Safety Climate and Workplace Safety Behaviors Among Bank Employees After Covid-19 Lockdown. Central European Management Journal, 29(1), 2–13. https://doi.org/10.7206/cemj.2658-0845.38 (Original work published 3/2021AD)

MLA style

Akanni, Abimbola A. and Ajila, Chris O. and Omisile, Idowu O. and Ndubueze, Kelechi N.. “Mediating Effect Of Work Self-Efficacy On The Relationship Between Psychosocial Safety Climate And Workplace Safety Behaviors Among Bank Employees After Covid-19 Lockdown”. 3/2021AD. Central European Management Journal, vol. 29, no. 1, 2021, pp. 2–13.

Chicago style

Akanni, Abimbola A. and Ajila, Chris O. and Omisile, Idowu O. and Ndubueze, Kelechi N.. “Mediating Effect Of Work Self-Efficacy On The Relationship Between Psychosocial Safety Climate And Workplace Safety Behaviors Among Bank Employees After Covid-19 Lockdown”. Central European Management Journal, Central European Management Journal, 29, no. 1 (2021): 2–13. doi:10.7206/cemj.2658-0845.38.

Copyright info

CC-BY

[1] Agaja, S.A. (2012). Appraisal of safety climate in government and private analytical laboratories in Warri Delta state, Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 1(7), 34–35. [Google Scholar]

[2] Alessandri, G., Filosa, L., Eisenberg, N. and Caprara, G.V. (2021). Within-individual relations of emotional, social, and work self-efficacy beliefs to organizational citizenship behaviors. Journal of Research in Personality, 91, 104073, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104073. [Google Scholar]

[3] Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York, NY: Freeman. [Google Scholar]

[4] Becher, H. and Dollard, M. (2016) Psychosocial safety climate (PSC) and better productivity in Australian workplaces. A publication of Asia Pacific Centre for Work Health and Safety. [Google Scholar]

[5] Beus, J.M., Payne, S.C., Bergman, M.E., Arthur Jr, W. (2010). Safety climate and injuries: an examination of theoretical and empirical relationships. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(4), 713–727. [Google Scholar]

[6] Bond, S., Tuckey, M., and Dollard, M. (2010). Psychosocial safety climate, workplace bullying, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Organization Development Journal, 28, 37–56. [Google Scholar]

[7] Chen, C.F., and Chen, S.C. (2014). Measuring the effects of safety management system practices, morality leadership and self-efficacy on pilots’ safety behaviors: Safety motivation as a mediator. Safety Science, 62, 376–385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2013.09.013. [Google Scholar]

[8] Chughtai, A.A. (2015). Creating safer workplaces: the role of ethical leadership. Safety Science, 73, 92–98. [Google Scholar]

[9] Conchie, S. M. (2013). Transformational leadership, intrinsic motivation, and trust: A moderated-mediated model of workplace safety. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18(2), 198–210. [Google Scholar]

[10] Curcuruto, M., Parker, S.K. and Griffin, M.A. (2019). Proactivity towards workplace safety improvement: an investigation of its motivational drivers and organizational outcomes. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432x.2019.1572115. [Google Scholar]

[11] Dollard, M.F. and Bakker, A.B. (2010). Psychosocial safety climate as a precursor to conducive work environments, psychological health problems, and employee engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(3), 579–599. [Google Scholar]

[12] Dollard, M., Tuckey, M.R., & Dormann, C. (2012). Psychosocial safety climate moderates the job demand-resource interaction in predicting workgroup distress. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 45, 694–704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap. 2011.09.042. [Google Scholar]

[13] Griffin, M.A. and Neal, A. (2000). Perceptions of safety at work: a framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge and motivation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(3), 337–345. https://10.1037//1076-8998.5.3.347. [Google Scholar]

[14] Hayes, A.F. (2013) Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach, The Guilford Press, New York, NY. [Google Scholar]

[15] Hayes, A.F. (2018). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process analysis: A Regression-Based Approach, Second Edition. Available at: http://afhayes.com/introduction-to-mediation-moderation-and-conditional-process-analysis.html (10.04.21). [Google Scholar]

[16] Ishola A. A. (2017). Workplace Safety Management as Correlates of Well-being among factory workers in Ibadan, Nigeria. African Journal of Social Work, 7(2). [Google Scholar]

[17] Loeb, C. (2016). Self-efficacy at work: social, emotional, and cognitive dimensions. Mälardalen University Press Dissertations, No. 208. Sweden, Mälardalen University. Available at: https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:963036/FULLTEXT03.pdf (10.04.21). [Google Scholar]

[18] Luthans, F., Youssef, C.M., and Avolio, B.J. (2007). Psychological Capital. New York: Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar]

[19] Lyu, S., Hon, C.K.H., Chan, A.P.C., Wong, F.K.W. and Javed, A.A. (2018). Relationship among safety climate, safety behavior, and safety outcomes for ethnic minority construction workers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15, 484. [Google Scholar]

[20] Muchiri, M.K., McMurray, A.J., Nkhoma, M. and Pham, H.C. (2019). How transformational and empowering leader behaviors enhance workplace safety: a review and research agenda. The Journal of Developing Areas, 53(1), 257–265. [Google Scholar]

[21] Nadhim, E. A., Hon, C., Xia, B., Stewart, I. and Fang, D. (2018). Investigating the relationships between safety climate and safety performance indicators in retrofitting works. Construction Economics and Building, 18(2), 110–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/AJCEB.v18i2.5994. [Google Scholar]

[22] Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC, 2020). Guidelines for employers and businesses in Nigeria. Available at: https://covid19.ncdc.gov.ng/media/files/Covid19GuideforBusinesses_1.pdf (10.04.21). [Google Scholar]

[23] Nykanen, M., Salmela-Aro, K., Tolvanen, A., and Vuori, J. (2019). Safety self-efficacy and internal locus of control as mediators of safety motivation – Randomized controlled trial (RCT) study. Safety Science, 117, 330–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2019.04.037. [Google Scholar]

[24] Otitolaiye, V. O. (2016). The mediating effect of safety management system on the relationship between safety culture and safety performance in Lagos food and beverage manufacturing industries. Unpublished master’s thesis, University Utara Malaysia. [Google Scholar]

[25] Prochazka, J., Gilova, H. and Vaculik, M. (2017). The relationship between transformational leadership and engagement: self-efficacy as a mediator. Journal of Leadership Studies, 11(2), 22–33, https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21518. [Google Scholar]

[26] Salkovskis, P.M. (1991). The importance of behavior in the maintenance of anxiety and panic: A cognitive account. Behavioral and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 19(1), 6–19. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0141347300011472. [Google Scholar]

[27] Singh, S.K., Pradhan, R. K., Panigrahy, N.P. and Jena, L.K. (2019). Self-efficacy and workplace well-being: moderating role of sustainability practices. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 26(6):1692–1708. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-07-2018-0219. [Google Scholar]

[28] Stajkovic, A.D. and Luthans, F. (1998). Self-efficacy and work-related performance: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 124(2), 240–261. [Google Scholar]

[29] Toppazzini, M.A. and Wiener, K.K.K. (2017). Making workplaces safer: the influence of organizational climate and individual differences on safety behavior. Heliyon, 3(e00334), 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00334. [Google Scholar]

[30] Towler, A. (2019). Self-efficacy and job performance: a primer for management practitioners. Available at: https://www.ckju.net/en/dossier/self-efficacy-and-job-performance-primer-management-practitioners (10.04.21). [Google Scholar]

[31] Vinodkumar, M.N. and Bhasi, M. (2010). Safety management practices and safety behavior: Assessing the mediating role of safety knowledge and motivation, Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42(2), 2082–2093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.06.021. [Google Scholar]

[32] Yulita, Idris, M.A., and Dollard, M. (2016). Psychosocial safety climate: Past, present, and future research. In: A. Shimazu, R. Bin, M. Dollard, and J. Oakman (eds.), Psychosocial factors at work in the Asia Pacific (pp. 89–134). Cham, United States of America: Springer. [Google Scholar]

Central European Management Journal