en pl
en pl

Central European Management Journal

Show issue
Year 2017 
Volume 25 
Issue 1

Measures of Competitive Intensity – Analysis Based on Literature Review

Dariusz Kwieciński
Kozminski University

2017 25 (1) Central European Management Journal

DOI 10.7206/jmba.ce.2450-7814.189

Abstract

Purpose: To systematize the existing approaches and tools used for measuring competitive intensity.

Methodology: Systematic literature review along with critical literature review.

Findings: Identifcation of two main approaches to measuring competition intensity: the frst pertains to research based on experts’ opinions and involves the use of questionnaires (primary sources), while the second is based on structural variables used with a variety of indexes (secondary sources). In addition, variables applied for the purpose of measuring the intensity of competition are divided into structural and behavioural.

Practical implications: The issue of measuring competition intensity occupies a prominent place in the discussion on the effectiveness of inter-organizational relationships. The fndings outlined in this paper may help managers to develop/adopt the right approach supporting their strategic decisions.

Originality: The paper provides a complex review of the existing methods and measures of competitive intensity. It systematizes recent knowledge about competitive intensity measurements.

References

  1. Abramo, G., Cicero, T. and D’Angelo, C.A. (2012). The dispersion of research performance within and between universities as a potential indicator of the competitive intensity in higher education systems. Journal of Informetrics, 6(2): 155–168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2011.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  2. Auh, S. and Menguc, B. (2005). Balancing exploration and exploitation: The moderating role of competitive intensity. Journal of Business Research, 58(12): 1652–1661, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2004.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  3. Bajtelsmit, V.L. and Bouzouita, R. (1998). Market Structure and Performance in Private Passenger Automobile Insurance. The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 65(3): 503, https://doi.org/10.2307/253662 [Google Scholar]
  4. Becker, W. and Dietz, J. (2004). R&D cooperation and innovation activities of frms – evidence for the German manufacturing industry. Research Policy, 33(2): 209–223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2003.07.003 [Google Scholar]
  5. Bengtsson, M., Eriksson, J. and Wincent, J. (2010). Co­opetition dynamics – an outline for further inquiry. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness, 20(2): 194–214, https://doi.org/10.1108/10595421011029893 [Google Scholar]
  6. Bengtsson, M. and Kock, S. (2000). Coopetition in Business Networks – to Cooperate and Compete Simultaneously. Industrial Marketing Management, 29(5): 411–426, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-8501(99)00067-X [Google Scholar]
  7. Bochen, A.A. et al. (2015). Polish Oil, Warszawa: Quixi Media. [Google Scholar]
  8. Boso, N., Cadogan, J.W. and Story, V.M. (2012). Complementary effect of entrepreneurial and market orientations on export new product success under differing levels of competitive intensity and fnancial capital. International Business Review, 21(4): 667–681, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2011.07.009 [Google Scholar]
  9. Chan, R.Y.K. et al. (2012). Environmental orientation and corporate performance: The mediation mechanism of green supply chain management and moderating effect of competitive intensity. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(4): 621–630, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.04.009 [Google Scholar]
  10. Chen, C.X. et al. (2015). The Effect of Competition Intensity and Competition Type on the Use of Customer Satisfaction Measures in Executive Annual Bonus Contracts. The Accounting Review, 90(1): 229–263, https://doi.org/10.2308/accr­50870 [Google Scholar]
  11. Chen, M.-J. (1996). Competitor Analysis Toward a Rivalry: and Interfrm Integration Theoretical. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1): 100–134. [Google Scholar]
  12. Chen, Y. et al. (2015). IT capabilities and product innovation performance: The roles of corporate entrepreneurship and competitive intensity. Information & Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.05.003 [Google Scholar]
  13. Chien, T.-H. and Peng, T.-J.A. (2005). Competition and cooperation intensity in a network–a case study in Taiwan simulator industry. Journal of American Academy of Business, 7: 150–156. [Google Scholar]
  14. Cui, A.S., Griffth, D.A. and Cavusgil, S.T. (2005). The influence of competitive intensity and market dynamism on knowledge management capabilities of multinational corporation subsidiaries. Journal of International Marketing, 13(3): 32–53, https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.13.3.32 [Google Scholar]
  15. Czakon, W. (2005). Ku systemowej teorii przewagi konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstwa. Przegląd Organizacji, 5: 5–8. [Google Scholar]
  16. Czakon, W. (2011). Metodyka systematycznego przeglądu literatury. Przegląd Organizacji, 3: 57–61. [Google Scholar]
  17. Czakon, W. (2013). Strategia koopetycji w rozwoju organizacji. Organizacja i Zarządzanie, 52(1147): 127–134. [Google Scholar]
  18. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition Research Landscape – A Systematic Literature Review 1997–2010. Journal of Economics & Management, 17: 121–150. [Google Scholar]
  19. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Sołtysik, M. (2012). Relacje koopetycji w tworzeniu efektywności rynku. Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów. Warszawa: Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. [Google Scholar]
  20. Czakon, W. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition typology revisited – a behavioural approach. International Journal of Business Environment, 6(1): 28–46, https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBE.2014.058022 [Google Scholar]
  21. Dagnino, G.B. et al. (2008). Strategie koopetycji – nowa forma dynamiki międzyorganizacyjnej? Przegląd Organizacji, 6: 3–7. [Google Scholar]
  22. Dagnino, G.B. and Padula, G. (2002). Coopetition Strategy. A new kind of interfrm dynamics for value creation. Innovative Research in Management, EURAM – The European Academy of Management: 1–31. [Google Scholar]
  23. Dansby, R.E. and Willig, R.D. (1979). Industry Performance Gradient Indexes. The American Economic Review, 69(3): 249–260. [Google Scholar]
  24. Dawes, J. and Nenycz-Thiel, M. (2013). Analyzing the intensity of private label competition across retailers. Journal of Business Research, 66(1): 60–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.07.023 [Google Scholar]
  25. Dess, G.G. and Robinson, R.B. (1984). Measuring orgnizational peformance in the absense of objective measures: The case of the privately-held frm and conglomerate business unit. Strategic Management Journal, 5(3): 265–273, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050306 [Google Scholar]
  26. Dyer, J.H. and Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management.The Academy of Management Review, 23(4): 660–679. [Google Scholar]
  27. Eisenhardt, K.M. and Martin, J.A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: what are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21(10–11): 1105–1121, https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1105::AID-SMJ133>3.0.CO;2-E [Google Scholar]
  28. Fischer, T. and Kamerschen, D.R. (2003). Measuring Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry Using the Rosse-Panzar Test and Cross-Sectional Regression Analyses. Journal of Applied Economics, 6(1): 73–93. [Google Scholar]
  29. Jackowicz, K. and Kowalewski, O. (2002). Koncentracja działalności sektora bankowego w Polsce w latach 1994–2000. Projekt badawczy Nr 5 H02C 041 21 fnansowanego przez Komitet Badań Naukowych w latach 2001–2002. [Google Scholar]
  30. Jankowska, B. and Bartosik­Purgat, M. (2012). Perceptions of the results of cooperation with rivals–the perspective of Danish, Japanese and Polish companies. Does the cultural background matter? In Poznań University Of Economics Review, 12(4): 14–28. [Google Scholar]
  31. Jaworski, B.J. and Kohli, A.K. (1993). Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57: 53–70, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251854 [Google Scholar]
  32. Jermias, J. (2006). Competitive Intensity As a Quasi-Moderator of the Relationship Between Innovative Efforts and Performance. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 8(3): 281–299. [Google Scholar]
  33. Jermias, J. (2008). The relative influence of competitive intensity and business strategy on the relationship between fnancial leverage and performance. British Accounting Review, 40(1): 71–86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2007.11.001 [Google Scholar]
  34. Ju, M. and Zhao, H. (2009). Behind organizational slack and frm performance in China: The moderating roles of ownership and competitive intensity. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 26(4): 701–717, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9148­1 [Google Scholar]
  35. Kamiński, J. (2012). Podstawy metodyczne wskaźnikowej oceny siły rynkowej w sektorze elektroenergetycznym. Polityka Energetyczna: 65–76. [Google Scholar]
  36. Lee, I.-W., Feiock, R.C. and Lee, Y. (2012). Competitors and Cooperators: A Micro-Level Analysis of Regional Economic Development Collaboration Networks. Public Administration Review, 72(2): 253, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540­6210.2011.02501.x [Google Scholar]
  37. Lee, R. (2009). Social capital and business and management: Setting a research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(3): 247–273, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468­2370.2008.00244.x [Google Scholar]
  38. Lemaire, D. and Lemaire, P. (1998). The Structure of Private and Commercial Auto Liability. [Google Scholar]
  39. Leonidou, L.C. et al. (2013). Antecedents and Consequences of an Eco-Friendly Export Marketing Strategy: The Moderating Role of Competitive Intensity. 21(3): 22–46. [Google Scholar]
  40. Li, J.J., Poppo, L. and Zhou, K.Z. (2008). Do managerial ties in China always produce value? Competition, uncertainty, and domestic vs. foreign frms. Strategic Management Journal, 29: 383–400, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.665 [Google Scholar]
  41. Lijesen, M.G., Nijkamp, P. and Rietveld, P. (2002). Measuring competition in civil aviation. Journal of Air Transport Management, 8(3): 189–197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969­6997(01)00048­5 [Google Scholar]
  42. Luo, Y. (2004). Coopetition in International Business. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. [Google Scholar]
  43. Lusch, R.F. and Laczniak, G.R. (1987). The evolving marketing concept, competitive intensity and organizational performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 15(3): 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02722166 [Google Scholar]
  44. Mahapatra, S.K., Das, A. and Narasimhan, R. (2012). A contingent theory of supplier management initiatives: Effects of competitive intensity and product life cycle. Journal of Operations Management, 30(5): 406–422, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2012.03.004 [Google Scholar]
  45. Miller, D. (1988). Relating Porter’s business strategies to environment and structure: analysis and performance implications. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 280–308, https://doi.org/10.2307/256549 [Google Scholar]
  46. Moothathu, T.S.K. (1990). The Best Estimator and a Strongly Consistent Asymptotically Normal Unbiased Estimator of Lorenz Curve Gini Index and Theil Entropy Index of Pareto Distribution. Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series B, 52(1): 115–127. [Google Scholar]
  47. Narver, J.C. and Slater, S.F. (1990). The effect of Market Orientation on Business Proftability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4): 20–35, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251757 [Google Scholar]
  48. Navarro-García, A., Schmidt, A.C.-M. and Rey-Moreno, M. (2015). Antecedents and consequences of export entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 68(7): 1532–1538, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.047 [Google Scholar]
  49. O’Cass, A. and Ngo, L.V. (2007). Balancing external adaptation and internal effectiveness: Achieving better brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 60(1): 11–20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.08.003 [Google Scholar]
  50. O’Cass, A. and Weerawardena, J. (2010). The effects of perceived industry competitive intensity and marketing­related capabilities: Drivers of superior brand performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(4): 571–581, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2009.04.002 [Google Scholar]
  51. Park, B.­J. (Robert), Srivastava, M.K. and Gnyawali, D.R. (2014). Walking the tight rope of coopetition: Impact of competition and cooperation intensities and balance on frm innovation performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 210–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.11.003 [Google Scholar]
  52. Pearce II, J.A., Robbins, D.K. and Robinson Jr., R.B. (1987). The impact of grand strategy and planning formality on fnancial performance. Strategic Management Journal, 8: 125–134, https:// doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250080204 [Google Scholar]
  53. Pecotich, A., Hattie, J. and Low, L.P. (1999). Development of industruct: A scale for the measurement of perceptions of industry structure. Marketing Letters, 10(4): 409–422, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008174623201 [Google Scholar]
  54. Peteraf, M.A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14: 179–819, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303 [Google Scholar]
  55. Porter, M.E. (1992). Strategia konkurencji. Metody analizy sektorów i konkurentów. Warszawa: Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne. [Google Scholar]
  56. Porter, M.E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Harvard Business Review, 2(March–April): 73–91, https://doi.org/10.1007/978­1­349­11336­1 [Google Scholar]
  57. Porter, M.E. (1991). Towards a dynamic theory of strategy. Strategic Management Journal, 12: 95–117, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250121008 [Google Scholar]
  58. Raisch, S. et al. (2009). Organizational Ambidexterity: Balancing Exploitation and Exploration for Sustained Performance. Organization Science, 20(4): 685–695, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1090.0428 [Google Scholar]
  59. Ramaswamy, K. (2001). Organizational ownership, competitive intensity, and frm performance: an empirical study of the Indian manufacturing sector. Strategic Management Journal, 22(10): 989–998, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.204 [Google Scholar]
  60. Rumelt, R.P. (1991). How much does industry matter? Strategic Management Journal, 12: 167–185. Souare, M. (2013). Canada – US productivity gap: the role of competition intensity differential. International Review of Applied Economics, 27(3): 404–428, https://doi.org/10.1080/02692171.2012.736479 [Google Scholar]
  61. Stańczyk-Hugiet, E. (2012). Paradygmat relacji – czy to nowa jakość w zarządzaniu? Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów, 116: 163–173. [Google Scholar]
  62. Tranfeld, D., Denyer, D. and Smart, P. (2003). Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence-Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review. British Journal of Management, 14(3): 207–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467­8551.00375 [Google Scholar]
  63. Tsai, K.-H., Chou, C. and Kuo, J.H. (2008). The curvilinear relationships between responsive and proactive market orientations and new product performance: A contingent link. Industrial Marketing Management, 37(8): 884–894, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2007.03.005 [Google Scholar]
  64. Tsai, K.-H. and Hsu, T.T. (2014). Cross-Functional collaboration, competitive intensity, knowledge integration mechanisms, and new product performance: A mediated moderation model. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 293–303, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.08.012 [Google Scholar]
  65. Tsaur, S.-H. and Wang, C.-H. (2011). Personal ties, reciprocity, competitive intensity, and performance of the strategic alliances in Taiwan’s travel industry. The Service Industries Journal, 31(6): 911–928, https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060903078735 [Google Scholar]
  66. Vroom, G. and Gimeno, J. (2007). Ownership form, managerial incentives and the intensity of rivalry. Academy of Management Journal, 50(4): 901–922, https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2007.26279210 [Google Scholar]
  67. Weerawardena, J., O’Cass, A. and Julian, C. (2006). Does industry matter? Examining the role of industry structure and organizational learning in innovation and brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 59(1): 37–45, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.02.004 [Google Scholar]
  68. Wieseke, J. et al. (2012). Multiple Identifcation Foci and Their Countervailing Effects on Salespeople’s Negative Headquarters Stereotypes. Journal of Marketing, 76(3): 1–20, https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.10.0444 [Google Scholar]
  69. Wu, J. (2012). Technological collaboration in product innovation: The role of market competition and sectoral technological intensity. Research Policy, 41(2): 489–496, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.001 [Google Scholar]
  70. Wu, J. and Pangarkar, N. (2009). The bidirectional relationship between competitive intensity and collaboration: Evidence from China. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 27(3): 503–522, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9156­1 [Google Scholar]
  71. Ye, K., Jiang, W. and Shen, L. (2008). Project competition intensity (PCI) in the construction market: a case study in China. Construction Management and Economics, 26(5): 463–470, https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190802036136 [Google Scholar]
  72. Zollo, M. and Winter, S.G. (2002). Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. Organization Science, 13(3): 339–351, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.13.3.339.2780 [Google Scholar]
  73. Abramo, G., Cicero, T. and D’Angelo, C.A. (2012). The dispersion of research performance within and between universities as a potential indicator of the competitive intensity in higher education systems. Journal of Informetrics, 6(2): 155–168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2011.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  74. Auh, S. and Menguc, B. (2005). Balancing exploration and exploitation: The moderating role of competitive intensity. Journal of Business Research, 58(12): 1652–1661, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2004.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  75. Bajtelsmit, V.L. and Bouzouita, R. (1998). Market Structure and Performance in Private Passenger Automobile Insurance. The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 65(3): 503, https://doi.org/10.2307/253662 [Google Scholar]
  76. Becker, W. and Dietz, J. (2004). R&D cooperation and innovation activities of frms – evidence for the German manufacturing industry. Research Policy, 33(2): 209–223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2003.07.003 [Google Scholar]
  77. Bengtsson, M., Eriksson, J. and Wincent, J. (2010). Co­opetition dynamics – an outline for further inquiry. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness, 20(2): 194–214, https://doi.org/10.1108/10595421011029893 [Google Scholar]
  78. Bengtsson, M. and Kock, S. (2000). Coopetition in Business Networks – to Cooperate and Compete Simultaneously. Industrial Marketing Management, 29(5): 411–426, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-8501(99)00067-X [Google Scholar]
  79. Bochen, A.A. et al. (2015). Polish Oil, Warszawa: Quixi Media. [Google Scholar]
  80. Boso, N., Cadogan, J.W. and Story, V.M. (2012). Complementary effect of entrepreneurial and market orientations on export new product success under differing levels of competitive intensity and fnancial capital. International Business Review, 21(4): 667–681, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2011.07.009 [Google Scholar]
  81. Chan, R.Y.K. et al. (2012). Environmental orientation and corporate performance: The mediation mechanism of green supply chain management and moderating effect of competitive intensity. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(4): 621–630, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.04.009 [Google Scholar]
  82. Chen, C.X. et al. (2015). The Effect of Competition Intensity and Competition Type on the Use of Customer Satisfaction Measures in Executive Annual Bonus Contracts. The Accounting Review, 90(1): 229–263, https://doi.org/10.2308/accr­50870 [Google Scholar]
  83. Chen, M.-J. (1996). Competitor Analysis Toward a Rivalry: and Interfrm Integration Theoretical. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1): 100–134. [Google Scholar]
  84. Chen, Y. et al. (2015). IT capabilities and product innovation performance: The roles of corporate entrepreneurship and competitive intensity. Information & Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.05.003 [Google Scholar]
  85. Chien, T.-H. and Peng, T.-J.A. (2005). Competition and cooperation intensity in a network–a case study in Taiwan simulator industry. Journal of American Academy of Business, 7: 150–156. [Google Scholar]
  86. Cui, A.S., Griffth, D.A. and Cavusgil, S.T. (2005). The influence of competitive intensity and market dynamism on knowledge management capabilities of multinational corporation subsidiaries. Journal of International Marketing, 13(3): 32–53, https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.13.3.32 [Google Scholar]
  87. Czakon, W. (2005). Ku systemowej teorii przewagi konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstwa. Przegląd Organizacji, 5: 5–8. [Google Scholar]
  88. Czakon, W. (2011). Metodyka systematycznego przeglądu literatury. Przegląd Organizacji, 3: 57–61. [Google Scholar]
  89. Czakon, W. (2013). Strategia koopetycji w rozwoju organizacji. Organizacja i Zarządzanie, 52(1147): 127–134. [Google Scholar]
  90. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition Research Landscape – A Systematic Literature Review 1997–2010. Journal of Economics & Management, 17: 121–150. [Google Scholar]
  91. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Sołtysik, M. (2012). Relacje koopetycji w tworzeniu efektywności rynku. Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów. Warszawa: Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. [Google Scholar]
  92. Czakon, W. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition typology revisited – a behavioural approach. International Journal of Business Environment, 6(1): 28–46, https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBE.2014.058022 [Google Scholar]
  93. Dagnino, G.B. et al. (2008). Strategie koopetycji – nowa forma dynamiki międzyorganizacyjnej? Przegląd Organizacji, 6: 3–7. [Google Scholar]
  94. Dagnino, G.B. and Padula, G. (2002). Coopetition Strategy. A new kind of interfrm dynamics for value creation. Innovative Research in Management, EURAM – The European Academy of Management: 1–31. [Google Scholar]
  95. Dansby, R.E. and Willig, R.D. (1979). Industry Performance Gradient Indexes. The American Economic Review, 69(3): 249–260. [Google Scholar]
  96. Dawes, J. and Nenycz-Thiel, M. (2013). Analyzing the intensity of private label competition across retailers. Journal of Business Research, 66(1): 60–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.07.023 [Google Scholar]
  97. Dess, G.G. and Robinson, R.B. (1984). Measuring orgnizational peformance in the absense of objective measures: The case of the privately-held frm and conglomerate business unit. Strategic Management Journal, 5(3): 265–273, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050306 [Google Scholar]
  98. Dyer, J.H. and Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management.The Academy of Management Review, 23(4): 660–679. [Google Scholar]
  99. Eisenhardt, K.M. and Martin, J.A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: what are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21(10–11): 1105–1121, https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1105::AID-SMJ133>3.0.CO;2-E [Google Scholar]
  100. Fischer, T. and Kamerschen, D.R. (2003). Measuring Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry Using the Rosse-Panzar Test and Cross-Sectional Regression Analyses. Journal of Applied Economics, 6(1): 73–93. [Google Scholar]
  101. Jackowicz, K. and Kowalewski, O. (2002). Koncentracja działalności sektora bankowego w Polsce w latach 1994–2000. Projekt badawczy Nr 5 H02C 041 21 fnansowanego przez Komitet Badań Naukowych w latach 2001–2002. [Google Scholar]
  102. Jankowska, B. and Bartosik­Purgat, M. (2012). Perceptions of the results of cooperation with rivals–the perspective of Danish, Japanese and Polish companies. Does the cultural background matter? In Poznań University Of Economics Review, 12(4): 14–28. [Google Scholar]
  103. Jaworski, B.J. and Kohli, A.K. (1993). Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57: 53–70, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251854 [Google Scholar]
  104. Jermias, J. (2006). Competitive Intensity As a Quasi-Moderator of the Relationship Between Innovative Efforts and Performance. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 8(3): 281–299. [Google Scholar]
  105. Jermias, J. (2008). The relative influence of competitive intensity and business strategy on the relationship between fnancial leverage and performance. British Accounting Review, 40(1): 71–86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2007.11.001 [Google Scholar]
  106. Ju, M. and Zhao, H. (2009). Behind organizational slack and frm performance in China: The moderating roles of ownership and competitive intensity. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 26(4): 701–717, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9148­1 [Google Scholar]
  107. Kamiński, J. (2012). Podstawy metodyczne wskaźnikowej oceny siły rynkowej w sektorze elektroenergetycznym. Polityka Energetyczna: 65–76. [Google Scholar]
  108. Lee, I.-W., Feiock, R.C. and Lee, Y. (2012). Competitors and Cooperators: A Micro-Level Analysis of Regional Economic Development Collaboration Networks. Public Administration Review, 72(2): 253, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540­6210.2011.02501.x [Google Scholar]
  109. Lee, R. (2009). Social capital and business and management: Setting a research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(3): 247–273, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468­2370.2008.00244.x [Google Scholar]
  110. Lemaire, D. and Lemaire, P. (1998). The Structure of Private and Commercial Auto Liability. [Google Scholar]
  111. Leonidou, L.C. et al. (2013). Antecedents and Consequences of an Eco-Friendly Export Marketing Strategy: The Moderating Role of Competitive Intensity. 21(3): 22–46. [Google Scholar]
  112. Li, J.J., Poppo, L. and Zhou, K.Z. (2008). Do managerial ties in China always produce value? Competition, uncertainty, and domestic vs. foreign frms. Strategic Management Journal, 29: 383–400, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.665 [Google Scholar]
  113. Lijesen, M.G., Nijkamp, P. and Rietveld, P. (2002). Measuring competition in civil aviation. Journal of Air Transport Management, 8(3): 189–197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969­6997(01)00048­5 [Google Scholar]
  114. Luo, Y. (2004). Coopetition in International Business. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. [Google Scholar]
  115. Lusch, R.F. and Laczniak, G.R. (1987). The evolving marketing concept, competitive intensity and organizational performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 15(3): 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02722166 [Google Scholar]
  116. Mahapatra, S.K., Das, A. and Narasimhan, R. (2012). A contingent theory of supplier management initiatives: Effects of competitive intensity and product life cycle. Journal of Operations Management, 30(5): 406–422, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2012.03.004 [Google Scholar]
  117. Miller, D. (1988). Relating Porter’s business strategies to environment and structure: analysis and performance implications. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 280–308, https://doi.org/10.2307/256549 [Google Scholar]
  118. Moothathu, T.S.K. (1990). The Best Estimator and a Strongly Consistent Asymptotically Normal Unbiased Estimator of Lorenz Curve Gini Index and Theil Entropy Index of Pareto Distribution. Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series B, 52(1): 115–127. [Google Scholar]
  119. Narver, J.C. and Slater, S.F. (1990). The effect of Market Orientation on Business Proftability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4): 20–35, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251757 [Google Scholar]
  120. Navarro-García, A., Schmidt, A.C.-M. and Rey-Moreno, M. (2015). Antecedents and consequences of export entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 68(7): 1532–1538, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.047 [Google Scholar]
  121. O’Cass, A. and Ngo, L.V. (2007). Balancing external adaptation and internal effectiveness: Achieving better brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 60(1): 11–20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.08.003 [Google Scholar]
  122. O’Cass, A. and Weerawardena, J. (2010). The effects of perceived industry competitive intensity and marketing­related capabilities: Drivers of superior brand performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(4): 571–581, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2009.04.002 [Google Scholar]
  123. Park, B.­J. (Robert), Srivastava, M.K. and Gnyawali, D.R. (2014). Walking the tight rope of coopetition: Impact of competition and cooperation intensities and balance on frm innovation performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 210–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.11.003 [Google Scholar]
  124. Pearce II, J.A., Robbins, D.K. and Robinson Jr., R.B. (1987). The impact of grand strategy and planning formality on fnancial performance. Strategic Management Journal, 8: 125–134, https:// doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250080204 [Google Scholar]
  125. Pecotich, A., Hattie, J. and Low, L.P. (1999). Development of industruct: A scale for the measurement of perceptions of industry structure. Marketing Letters, 10(4): 409–422, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008174623201 [Google Scholar]
  126. Peteraf, M.A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14: 179–819, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303 [Google Scholar]
  127. Porter, M.E. (1992). Strategia konkurencji. Metody analizy sektorów i konkurentów. Warszawa: Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne. [Google Scholar]
  128. Porter, M.E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Harvard Business Review, 2(March–April): 73–91, https://doi.org/10.1007/978­1­349­11336­1 [Google Scholar]
  129. Porter, M.E. (1991). Towards a dynamic theory of strategy. Strategic Management Journal, 12: 95–117, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250121008 [Google Scholar]
  130. Raisch, S. et al. (2009). Organizational Ambidexterity: Balancing Exploitation and Exploration for Sustained Performance. Organization Science, 20(4): 685–695, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1090.0428 [Google Scholar]
  131. Ramaswamy, K. (2001). Organizational ownership, competitive intensity, and frm performance: an empirical study of the Indian manufacturing sector. Strategic Management Journal, 22(10): 989–998, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.204 [Google Scholar]
  132. Rumelt, R.P. (1991). How much does industry matter? Strategic Management Journal, 12: 167–185. Souare, M. (2013). Canada – US productivity gap: the role of competition intensity differential. International Review of Applied Economics, 27(3): 404–428, https://doi.org/10.1080/02692171.2012.736479 [Google Scholar]
  133. Stańczyk-Hugiet, E. (2012). Paradygmat relacji – czy to nowa jakość w zarządzaniu? Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów, 116: 163–173. [Google Scholar]
  134. Tranfeld, D., Denyer, D. and Smart, P. (2003). Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence-Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review. British Journal of Management, 14(3): 207–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467­8551.00375 [Google Scholar]
  135. Tsai, K.-H., Chou, C. and Kuo, J.H. (2008). The curvilinear relationships between responsive and proactive market orientations and new product performance: A contingent link. Industrial Marketing Management, 37(8): 884–894, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2007.03.005 [Google Scholar]
  136. Tsai, K.-H. and Hsu, T.T. (2014). Cross-Functional collaboration, competitive intensity, knowledge integration mechanisms, and new product performance: A mediated moderation model. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 293–303, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.08.012 [Google Scholar]
  137. Tsaur, S.-H. and Wang, C.-H. (2011). Personal ties, reciprocity, competitive intensity, and performance of the strategic alliances in Taiwan’s travel industry. The Service Industries Journal, 31(6): 911–928, https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060903078735 [Google Scholar]
  138. Vroom, G. and Gimeno, J. (2007). Ownership form, managerial incentives and the intensity of rivalry. Academy of Management Journal, 50(4): 901–922, https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2007.26279210 [Google Scholar]
  139. Weerawardena, J., O’Cass, A. and Julian, C. (2006). Does industry matter? Examining the role of industry structure and organizational learning in innovation and brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 59(1): 37–45, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.02.004 [Google Scholar]
  140. Wieseke, J. et al. (2012). Multiple Identifcation Foci and Their Countervailing Effects on Salespeople’s Negative Headquarters Stereotypes. Journal of Marketing, 76(3): 1–20, https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.10.0444 [Google Scholar]
  141. Wu, J. (2012). Technological collaboration in product innovation: The role of market competition and sectoral technological intensity. Research Policy, 41(2): 489–496, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.001 [Google Scholar]
  142. Wu, J. and Pangarkar, N. (2009). The bidirectional relationship between competitive intensity and collaboration: Evidence from China. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 27(3): 503–522, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9156­1 [Google Scholar]
  143. Ye, K., Jiang, W. and Shen, L. (2008). Project competition intensity (PCI) in the construction market: a case study in China. Construction Management and Economics, 26(5): 463–470, https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190802036136 [Google Scholar]
  144. Zollo, M. and Winter, S.G. (2002). Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. Organization Science, 13(3): 339–351, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.13.3.339.2780 [Google Scholar]
  145. Abramo, G., Cicero, T. and D’Angelo, C.A. (2012). The dispersion of research performance within and between universities as a potential indicator of the competitive intensity in higher education systems. Journal of Informetrics, 6(2): 155–168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2011.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  146. Auh, S. and Menguc, B. (2005). Balancing exploration and exploitation: The moderating role of competitive intensity. Journal of Business Research, 58(12): 1652–1661, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2004.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  147. Bajtelsmit, V.L. and Bouzouita, R. (1998). Market Structure and Performance in Private Passenger Automobile Insurance. The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 65(3): 503, https://doi.org/10.2307/253662 [Google Scholar]
  148. Becker, W. and Dietz, J. (2004). R&D cooperation and innovation activities of frms – evidence for the German manufacturing industry. Research Policy, 33(2): 209–223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2003.07.003 [Google Scholar]
  149. Bengtsson, M., Eriksson, J. and Wincent, J. (2010). Co­opetition dynamics – an outline for further inquiry. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness, 20(2): 194–214, https://doi.org/10.1108/10595421011029893 [Google Scholar]
  150. Bengtsson, M. and Kock, S. (2000). Coopetition in Business Networks – to Cooperate and Compete Simultaneously. Industrial Marketing Management, 29(5): 411–426, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-8501(99)00067-X [Google Scholar]
  151. Bochen, A.A. et al. (2015). Polish Oil, Warszawa: Quixi Media. [Google Scholar]
  152. Boso, N., Cadogan, J.W. and Story, V.M. (2012). Complementary effect of entrepreneurial and market orientations on export new product success under differing levels of competitive intensity and fnancial capital. International Business Review, 21(4): 667–681, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2011.07.009 [Google Scholar]
  153. Chan, R.Y.K. et al. (2012). Environmental orientation and corporate performance: The mediation mechanism of green supply chain management and moderating effect of competitive intensity. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(4): 621–630, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.04.009 [Google Scholar]
  154. Chen, C.X. et al. (2015). The Effect of Competition Intensity and Competition Type on the Use of Customer Satisfaction Measures in Executive Annual Bonus Contracts. The Accounting Review, 90(1): 229–263, https://doi.org/10.2308/accr­50870 [Google Scholar]
  155. Chen, M.-J. (1996). Competitor Analysis Toward a Rivalry: and Interfrm Integration Theoretical. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1): 100–134. [Google Scholar]
  156. Chen, Y. et al. (2015). IT capabilities and product innovation performance: The roles of corporate entrepreneurship and competitive intensity. Information & Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.05.003 [Google Scholar]
  157. Chien, T.-H. and Peng, T.-J.A. (2005). Competition and cooperation intensity in a network–a case study in Taiwan simulator industry. Journal of American Academy of Business, 7: 150–156. [Google Scholar]
  158. Cui, A.S., Griffth, D.A. and Cavusgil, S.T. (2005). The influence of competitive intensity and market dynamism on knowledge management capabilities of multinational corporation subsidiaries. Journal of International Marketing, 13(3): 32–53, https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.13.3.32 [Google Scholar]
  159. Czakon, W. (2005). Ku systemowej teorii przewagi konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstwa. Przegląd Organizacji, 5: 5–8. [Google Scholar]
  160. Czakon, W. (2011). Metodyka systematycznego przeglądu literatury. Przegląd Organizacji, 3: 57–61. [Google Scholar]
  161. Czakon, W. (2013). Strategia koopetycji w rozwoju organizacji. Organizacja i Zarządzanie, 52(1147): 127–134. [Google Scholar]
  162. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition Research Landscape – A Systematic Literature Review 1997–2010. Journal of Economics & Management, 17: 121–150. [Google Scholar]
  163. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Sołtysik, M. (2012). Relacje koopetycji w tworzeniu efektywności rynku. Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów. Warszawa: Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. [Google Scholar]
  164. Czakon, W. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition typology revisited – a behavioural approach. International Journal of Business Environment, 6(1): 28–46, https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBE.2014.058022 [Google Scholar]
  165. Dagnino, G.B. et al. (2008). Strategie koopetycji – nowa forma dynamiki międzyorganizacyjnej? Przegląd Organizacji, 6: 3–7. [Google Scholar]
  166. Dagnino, G.B. and Padula, G. (2002). Coopetition Strategy. A new kind of interfrm dynamics for value creation. Innovative Research in Management, EURAM – The European Academy of Management: 1–31. [Google Scholar]
  167. Dansby, R.E. and Willig, R.D. (1979). Industry Performance Gradient Indexes. The American Economic Review, 69(3): 249–260. [Google Scholar]
  168. Dawes, J. and Nenycz-Thiel, M. (2013). Analyzing the intensity of private label competition across retailers. Journal of Business Research, 66(1): 60–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.07.023 [Google Scholar]
  169. Dess, G.G. and Robinson, R.B. (1984). Measuring orgnizational peformance in the absense of objective measures: The case of the privately-held frm and conglomerate business unit. Strategic Management Journal, 5(3): 265–273, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050306 [Google Scholar]
  170. Dyer, J.H. and Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management.The Academy of Management Review, 23(4): 660–679. [Google Scholar]
  171. Eisenhardt, K.M. and Martin, J.A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: what are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21(10–11): 1105–1121, https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1105::AID-SMJ133>3.0.CO;2-E [Google Scholar]
  172. Fischer, T. and Kamerschen, D.R. (2003). Measuring Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry Using the Rosse-Panzar Test and Cross-Sectional Regression Analyses. Journal of Applied Economics, 6(1): 73–93. [Google Scholar]
  173. Jackowicz, K. and Kowalewski, O. (2002). Koncentracja działalności sektora bankowego w Polsce w latach 1994–2000. Projekt badawczy Nr 5 H02C 041 21 fnansowanego przez Komitet Badań Naukowych w latach 2001–2002. [Google Scholar]
  174. Jankowska, B. and Bartosik­Purgat, M. (2012). Perceptions of the results of cooperation with rivals–the perspective of Danish, Japanese and Polish companies. Does the cultural background matter? In Poznań University Of Economics Review, 12(4): 14–28. [Google Scholar]
  175. Jaworski, B.J. and Kohli, A.K. (1993). Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57: 53–70, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251854 [Google Scholar]
  176. Jermias, J. (2006). Competitive Intensity As a Quasi-Moderator of the Relationship Between Innovative Efforts and Performance. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 8(3): 281–299. [Google Scholar]
  177. Jermias, J. (2008). The relative influence of competitive intensity and business strategy on the relationship between fnancial leverage and performance. British Accounting Review, 40(1): 71–86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2007.11.001 [Google Scholar]
  178. Ju, M. and Zhao, H. (2009). Behind organizational slack and frm performance in China: The moderating roles of ownership and competitive intensity. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 26(4): 701–717, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9148­1 [Google Scholar]
  179. Kamiński, J. (2012). Podstawy metodyczne wskaźnikowej oceny siły rynkowej w sektorze elektroenergetycznym. Polityka Energetyczna: 65–76. [Google Scholar]
  180. Lee, I.-W., Feiock, R.C. and Lee, Y. (2012). Competitors and Cooperators: A Micro-Level Analysis of Regional Economic Development Collaboration Networks. Public Administration Review, 72(2): 253, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540­6210.2011.02501.x [Google Scholar]
  181. Lee, R. (2009). Social capital and business and management: Setting a research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(3): 247–273, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468­2370.2008.00244.x [Google Scholar]
  182. Lemaire, D. and Lemaire, P. (1998). The Structure of Private and Commercial Auto Liability. [Google Scholar]
  183. Leonidou, L.C. et al. (2013). Antecedents and Consequences of an Eco-Friendly Export Marketing Strategy: The Moderating Role of Competitive Intensity. 21(3): 22–46. [Google Scholar]
  184. Li, J.J., Poppo, L. and Zhou, K.Z. (2008). Do managerial ties in China always produce value? Competition, uncertainty, and domestic vs. foreign frms. Strategic Management Journal, 29: 383–400, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.665 [Google Scholar]
  185. Lijesen, M.G., Nijkamp, P. and Rietveld, P. (2002). Measuring competition in civil aviation. Journal of Air Transport Management, 8(3): 189–197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969­6997(01)00048­5 [Google Scholar]
  186. Luo, Y. (2004). Coopetition in International Business. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. [Google Scholar]
  187. Lusch, R.F. and Laczniak, G.R. (1987). The evolving marketing concept, competitive intensity and organizational performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 15(3): 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02722166 [Google Scholar]
  188. Mahapatra, S.K., Das, A. and Narasimhan, R. (2012). A contingent theory of supplier management initiatives: Effects of competitive intensity and product life cycle. Journal of Operations Management, 30(5): 406–422, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2012.03.004 [Google Scholar]
  189. Miller, D. (1988). Relating Porter’s business strategies to environment and structure: analysis and performance implications. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 280–308, https://doi.org/10.2307/256549 [Google Scholar]
  190. Moothathu, T.S.K. (1990). The Best Estimator and a Strongly Consistent Asymptotically Normal Unbiased Estimator of Lorenz Curve Gini Index and Theil Entropy Index of Pareto Distribution. Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series B, 52(1): 115–127. [Google Scholar]
  191. Narver, J.C. and Slater, S.F. (1990). The effect of Market Orientation on Business Proftability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4): 20–35, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251757 [Google Scholar]
  192. Navarro-García, A., Schmidt, A.C.-M. and Rey-Moreno, M. (2015). Antecedents and consequences of export entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 68(7): 1532–1538, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.047 [Google Scholar]
  193. O’Cass, A. and Ngo, L.V. (2007). Balancing external adaptation and internal effectiveness: Achieving better brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 60(1): 11–20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.08.003 [Google Scholar]
  194. O’Cass, A. and Weerawardena, J. (2010). The effects of perceived industry competitive intensity and marketing­related capabilities: Drivers of superior brand performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(4): 571–581, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2009.04.002 [Google Scholar]
  195. Park, B.­J. (Robert), Srivastava, M.K. and Gnyawali, D.R. (2014). Walking the tight rope of coopetition: Impact of competition and cooperation intensities and balance on frm innovation performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 210–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.11.003 [Google Scholar]
  196. Pearce II, J.A., Robbins, D.K. and Robinson Jr., R.B. (1987). The impact of grand strategy and planning formality on fnancial performance. Strategic Management Journal, 8: 125–134, https:// doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250080204 [Google Scholar]
  197. Pecotich, A., Hattie, J. and Low, L.P. (1999). Development of industruct: A scale for the measurement of perceptions of industry structure. Marketing Letters, 10(4): 409–422, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008174623201 [Google Scholar]
  198. Peteraf, M.A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14: 179–819, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303 [Google Scholar]
  199. Porter, M.E. (1992). Strategia konkurencji. Metody analizy sektorów i konkurentów. Warszawa: Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne. [Google Scholar]
  200. Porter, M.E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Harvard Business Review, 2(March–April): 73–91, https://doi.org/10.1007/978­1­349­11336­1 [Google Scholar]
  201. Porter, M.E. (1991). Towards a dynamic theory of strategy. Strategic Management Journal, 12: 95–117, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250121008 [Google Scholar]
  202. Raisch, S. et al. (2009). Organizational Ambidexterity: Balancing Exploitation and Exploration for Sustained Performance. Organization Science, 20(4): 685–695, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1090.0428 [Google Scholar]
  203. Ramaswamy, K. (2001). Organizational ownership, competitive intensity, and frm performance: an empirical study of the Indian manufacturing sector. Strategic Management Journal, 22(10): 989–998, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.204 [Google Scholar]
  204. Rumelt, R.P. (1991). How much does industry matter? Strategic Management Journal, 12: 167–185. Souare, M. (2013). Canada – US productivity gap: the role of competition intensity differential. International Review of Applied Economics, 27(3): 404–428, https://doi.org/10.1080/02692171.2012.736479 [Google Scholar]
  205. Stańczyk-Hugiet, E. (2012). Paradygmat relacji – czy to nowa jakość w zarządzaniu? Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów, 116: 163–173. [Google Scholar]
  206. Tranfeld, D., Denyer, D. and Smart, P. (2003). Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence-Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review. British Journal of Management, 14(3): 207–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467­8551.00375 [Google Scholar]
  207. Tsai, K.-H., Chou, C. and Kuo, J.H. (2008). The curvilinear relationships between responsive and proactive market orientations and new product performance: A contingent link. Industrial Marketing Management, 37(8): 884–894, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2007.03.005 [Google Scholar]
  208. Tsai, K.-H. and Hsu, T.T. (2014). Cross-Functional collaboration, competitive intensity, knowledge integration mechanisms, and new product performance: A mediated moderation model. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 293–303, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.08.012 [Google Scholar]
  209. Tsaur, S.-H. and Wang, C.-H. (2011). Personal ties, reciprocity, competitive intensity, and performance of the strategic alliances in Taiwan’s travel industry. The Service Industries Journal, 31(6): 911–928, https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060903078735 [Google Scholar]
  210. Vroom, G. and Gimeno, J. (2007). Ownership form, managerial incentives and the intensity of rivalry. Academy of Management Journal, 50(4): 901–922, https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2007.26279210 [Google Scholar]
  211. Weerawardena, J., O’Cass, A. and Julian, C. (2006). Does industry matter? Examining the role of industry structure and organizational learning in innovation and brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 59(1): 37–45, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.02.004 [Google Scholar]
  212. Wieseke, J. et al. (2012). Multiple Identifcation Foci and Their Countervailing Effects on Salespeople’s Negative Headquarters Stereotypes. Journal of Marketing, 76(3): 1–20, https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.10.0444 [Google Scholar]
  213. Wu, J. (2012). Technological collaboration in product innovation: The role of market competition and sectoral technological intensity. Research Policy, 41(2): 489–496, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.001 [Google Scholar]
  214. Wu, J. and Pangarkar, N. (2009). The bidirectional relationship between competitive intensity and collaboration: Evidence from China. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 27(3): 503–522, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9156­1 [Google Scholar]
  215. Ye, K., Jiang, W. and Shen, L. (2008). Project competition intensity (PCI) in the construction market: a case study in China. Construction Management and Economics, 26(5): 463–470, https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190802036136 [Google Scholar]
  216. Zollo, M. and Winter, S.G. (2002). Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. Organization Science, 13(3): 339–351, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.13.3.339.2780 [Google Scholar]
  217. Abramo, G., Cicero, T. and D’Angelo, C.A. (2012). The dispersion of research performance within and between universities as a potential indicator of the competitive intensity in higher education systems. Journal of Informetrics, 6(2): 155–168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2011.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  218. Auh, S. and Menguc, B. (2005). Balancing exploration and exploitation: The moderating role of competitive intensity. Journal of Business Research, 58(12): 1652–1661, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2004.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  219. Bajtelsmit, V.L. and Bouzouita, R. (1998). Market Structure and Performance in Private Passenger Automobile Insurance. The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 65(3): 503, https://doi.org/10.2307/253662 [Google Scholar]
  220. Becker, W. and Dietz, J. (2004). R&D cooperation and innovation activities of frms – evidence for the German manufacturing industry. Research Policy, 33(2): 209–223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2003.07.003 [Google Scholar]
  221. Bengtsson, M., Eriksson, J. and Wincent, J. (2010). Co­opetition dynamics – an outline for further inquiry. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness, 20(2): 194–214, https://doi.org/10.1108/10595421011029893 [Google Scholar]
  222. Bengtsson, M. and Kock, S. (2000). Coopetition in Business Networks – to Cooperate and Compete Simultaneously. Industrial Marketing Management, 29(5): 411–426, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-8501(99)00067-X [Google Scholar]
  223. Bochen, A.A. et al. (2015). Polish Oil, Warszawa: Quixi Media. [Google Scholar]
  224. Boso, N., Cadogan, J.W. and Story, V.M. (2012). Complementary effect of entrepreneurial and market orientations on export new product success under differing levels of competitive intensity and fnancial capital. International Business Review, 21(4): 667–681, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2011.07.009 [Google Scholar]
  225. Chan, R.Y.K. et al. (2012). Environmental orientation and corporate performance: The mediation mechanism of green supply chain management and moderating effect of competitive intensity. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(4): 621–630, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.04.009 [Google Scholar]
  226. Chen, C.X. et al. (2015). The Effect of Competition Intensity and Competition Type on the Use of Customer Satisfaction Measures in Executive Annual Bonus Contracts. The Accounting Review, 90(1): 229–263, https://doi.org/10.2308/accr­50870 [Google Scholar]
  227. Chen, M.-J. (1996). Competitor Analysis Toward a Rivalry: and Interfrm Integration Theoretical. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1): 100–134. [Google Scholar]
  228. Chen, Y. et al. (2015). IT capabilities and product innovation performance: The roles of corporate entrepreneurship and competitive intensity. Information & Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.05.003 [Google Scholar]
  229. Chien, T.-H. and Peng, T.-J.A. (2005). Competition and cooperation intensity in a network–a case study in Taiwan simulator industry. Journal of American Academy of Business, 7: 150–156. [Google Scholar]
  230. Cui, A.S., Griffth, D.A. and Cavusgil, S.T. (2005). The influence of competitive intensity and market dynamism on knowledge management capabilities of multinational corporation subsidiaries. Journal of International Marketing, 13(3): 32–53, https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.13.3.32 [Google Scholar]
  231. Czakon, W. (2005). Ku systemowej teorii przewagi konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstwa. Przegląd Organizacji, 5: 5–8. [Google Scholar]
  232. Czakon, W. (2011). Metodyka systematycznego przeglądu literatury. Przegląd Organizacji, 3: 57–61. [Google Scholar]
  233. Czakon, W. (2013). Strategia koopetycji w rozwoju organizacji. Organizacja i Zarządzanie, 52(1147): 127–134. [Google Scholar]
  234. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition Research Landscape – A Systematic Literature Review 1997–2010. Journal of Economics & Management, 17: 121–150. [Google Scholar]
  235. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Sołtysik, M. (2012). Relacje koopetycji w tworzeniu efektywności rynku. Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów. Warszawa: Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. [Google Scholar]
  236. Czakon, W. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition typology revisited – a behavioural approach. International Journal of Business Environment, 6(1): 28–46, https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBE.2014.058022 [Google Scholar]
  237. Dagnino, G.B. et al. (2008). Strategie koopetycji – nowa forma dynamiki międzyorganizacyjnej? Przegląd Organizacji, 6: 3–7. [Google Scholar]
  238. Dagnino, G.B. and Padula, G. (2002). Coopetition Strategy. A new kind of interfrm dynamics for value creation. Innovative Research in Management, EURAM – The European Academy of Management: 1–31. [Google Scholar]
  239. Dansby, R.E. and Willig, R.D. (1979). Industry Performance Gradient Indexes. The American Economic Review, 69(3): 249–260. [Google Scholar]
  240. Dawes, J. and Nenycz-Thiel, M. (2013). Analyzing the intensity of private label competition across retailers. Journal of Business Research, 66(1): 60–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.07.023 [Google Scholar]
  241. Dess, G.G. and Robinson, R.B. (1984). Measuring orgnizational peformance in the absense of objective measures: The case of the privately-held frm and conglomerate business unit. Strategic Management Journal, 5(3): 265–273, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050306 [Google Scholar]
  242. Dyer, J.H. and Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management.The Academy of Management Review, 23(4): 660–679. [Google Scholar]
  243. Eisenhardt, K.M. and Martin, J.A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: what are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21(10–11): 1105–1121, https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1105::AID-SMJ133>3.0.CO;2-E [Google Scholar]
  244. Fischer, T. and Kamerschen, D.R. (2003). Measuring Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry Using the Rosse-Panzar Test and Cross-Sectional Regression Analyses. Journal of Applied Economics, 6(1): 73–93. [Google Scholar]
  245. Jackowicz, K. and Kowalewski, O. (2002). Koncentracja działalności sektora bankowego w Polsce w latach 1994–2000. Projekt badawczy Nr 5 H02C 041 21 fnansowanego przez Komitet Badań Naukowych w latach 2001–2002. [Google Scholar]
  246. Jankowska, B. and Bartosik­Purgat, M. (2012). Perceptions of the results of cooperation with rivals–the perspective of Danish, Japanese and Polish companies. Does the cultural background matter? In Poznań University Of Economics Review, 12(4): 14–28. [Google Scholar]
  247. Jaworski, B.J. and Kohli, A.K. (1993). Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57: 53–70, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251854 [Google Scholar]
  248. Jermias, J. (2006). Competitive Intensity As a Quasi-Moderator of the Relationship Between Innovative Efforts and Performance. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 8(3): 281–299. [Google Scholar]
  249. Jermias, J. (2008). The relative influence of competitive intensity and business strategy on the relationship between fnancial leverage and performance. British Accounting Review, 40(1): 71–86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2007.11.001 [Google Scholar]
  250. Ju, M. and Zhao, H. (2009). Behind organizational slack and frm performance in China: The moderating roles of ownership and competitive intensity. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 26(4): 701–717, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9148­1 [Google Scholar]
  251. Kamiński, J. (2012). Podstawy metodyczne wskaźnikowej oceny siły rynkowej w sektorze elektroenergetycznym. Polityka Energetyczna: 65–76. [Google Scholar]
  252. Lee, I.-W., Feiock, R.C. and Lee, Y. (2012). Competitors and Cooperators: A Micro-Level Analysis of Regional Economic Development Collaboration Networks. Public Administration Review, 72(2): 253, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540­6210.2011.02501.x [Google Scholar]
  253. Lee, R. (2009). Social capital and business and management: Setting a research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(3): 247–273, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468­2370.2008.00244.x [Google Scholar]
  254. Lemaire, D. and Lemaire, P. (1998). The Structure of Private and Commercial Auto Liability. [Google Scholar]
  255. Leonidou, L.C. et al. (2013). Antecedents and Consequences of an Eco-Friendly Export Marketing Strategy: The Moderating Role of Competitive Intensity. 21(3): 22–46. [Google Scholar]
  256. Li, J.J., Poppo, L. and Zhou, K.Z. (2008). Do managerial ties in China always produce value? Competition, uncertainty, and domestic vs. foreign frms. Strategic Management Journal, 29: 383–400, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.665 [Google Scholar]
  257. Lijesen, M.G., Nijkamp, P. and Rietveld, P. (2002). Measuring competition in civil aviation. Journal of Air Transport Management, 8(3): 189–197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969­6997(01)00048­5 [Google Scholar]
  258. Luo, Y. (2004). Coopetition in International Business. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. [Google Scholar]
  259. Lusch, R.F. and Laczniak, G.R. (1987). The evolving marketing concept, competitive intensity and organizational performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 15(3): 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02722166 [Google Scholar]
  260. Mahapatra, S.K., Das, A. and Narasimhan, R. (2012). A contingent theory of supplier management initiatives: Effects of competitive intensity and product life cycle. Journal of Operations Management, 30(5): 406–422, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2012.03.004 [Google Scholar]
  261. Miller, D. (1988). Relating Porter’s business strategies to environment and structure: analysis and performance implications. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 280–308, https://doi.org/10.2307/256549 [Google Scholar]
  262. Moothathu, T.S.K. (1990). The Best Estimator and a Strongly Consistent Asymptotically Normal Unbiased Estimator of Lorenz Curve Gini Index and Theil Entropy Index of Pareto Distribution. Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series B, 52(1): 115–127. [Google Scholar]
  263. Narver, J.C. and Slater, S.F. (1990). The effect of Market Orientation on Business Proftability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4): 20–35, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251757 [Google Scholar]
  264. Navarro-García, A., Schmidt, A.C.-M. and Rey-Moreno, M. (2015). Antecedents and consequences of export entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 68(7): 1532–1538, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.047 [Google Scholar]
  265. O’Cass, A. and Ngo, L.V. (2007). Balancing external adaptation and internal effectiveness: Achieving better brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 60(1): 11–20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.08.003 [Google Scholar]
  266. O’Cass, A. and Weerawardena, J. (2010). The effects of perceived industry competitive intensity and marketing­related capabilities: Drivers of superior brand performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(4): 571–581, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2009.04.002 [Google Scholar]
  267. Park, B.­J. (Robert), Srivastava, M.K. and Gnyawali, D.R. (2014). Walking the tight rope of coopetition: Impact of competition and cooperation intensities and balance on frm innovation performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 210–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.11.003 [Google Scholar]
  268. Pearce II, J.A., Robbins, D.K. and Robinson Jr., R.B. (1987). The impact of grand strategy and planning formality on fnancial performance. Strategic Management Journal, 8: 125–134, https:// doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250080204 [Google Scholar]
  269. Pecotich, A., Hattie, J. and Low, L.P. (1999). Development of industruct: A scale for the measurement of perceptions of industry structure. Marketing Letters, 10(4): 409–422, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008174623201 [Google Scholar]
  270. Peteraf, M.A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14: 179–819, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303 [Google Scholar]
  271. Porter, M.E. (1992). Strategia konkurencji. Metody analizy sektorów i konkurentów. Warszawa: Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne. [Google Scholar]
  272. Porter, M.E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Harvard Business Review, 2(March–April): 73–91, https://doi.org/10.1007/978­1­349­11336­1 [Google Scholar]
  273. Porter, M.E. (1991). Towards a dynamic theory of strategy. Strategic Management Journal, 12: 95–117, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250121008 [Google Scholar]
  274. Raisch, S. et al. (2009). Organizational Ambidexterity: Balancing Exploitation and Exploration for Sustained Performance. Organization Science, 20(4): 685–695, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1090.0428 [Google Scholar]
  275. Ramaswamy, K. (2001). Organizational ownership, competitive intensity, and frm performance: an empirical study of the Indian manufacturing sector. Strategic Management Journal, 22(10): 989–998, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.204 [Google Scholar]
  276. Rumelt, R.P. (1991). How much does industry matter? Strategic Management Journal, 12: 167–185. Souare, M. (2013). Canada – US productivity gap: the role of competition intensity differential. International Review of Applied Economics, 27(3): 404–428, https://doi.org/10.1080/02692171.2012.736479 [Google Scholar]
  277. Stańczyk-Hugiet, E. (2012). Paradygmat relacji – czy to nowa jakość w zarządzaniu? Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów, 116: 163–173. [Google Scholar]
  278. Tranfeld, D., Denyer, D. and Smart, P. (2003). Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence-Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review. British Journal of Management, 14(3): 207–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467­8551.00375 [Google Scholar]
  279. Tsai, K.-H., Chou, C. and Kuo, J.H. (2008). The curvilinear relationships between responsive and proactive market orientations and new product performance: A contingent link. Industrial Marketing Management, 37(8): 884–894, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2007.03.005 [Google Scholar]
  280. Tsai, K.-H. and Hsu, T.T. (2014). Cross-Functional collaboration, competitive intensity, knowledge integration mechanisms, and new product performance: A mediated moderation model. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 293–303, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.08.012 [Google Scholar]
  281. Tsaur, S.-H. and Wang, C.-H. (2011). Personal ties, reciprocity, competitive intensity, and performance of the strategic alliances in Taiwan’s travel industry. The Service Industries Journal, 31(6): 911–928, https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060903078735 [Google Scholar]
  282. Vroom, G. and Gimeno, J. (2007). Ownership form, managerial incentives and the intensity of rivalry. Academy of Management Journal, 50(4): 901–922, https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2007.26279210 [Google Scholar]
  283. Weerawardena, J., O’Cass, A. and Julian, C. (2006). Does industry matter? Examining the role of industry structure and organizational learning in innovation and brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 59(1): 37–45, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.02.004 [Google Scholar]
  284. Wieseke, J. et al. (2012). Multiple Identifcation Foci and Their Countervailing Effects on Salespeople’s Negative Headquarters Stereotypes. Journal of Marketing, 76(3): 1–20, https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.10.0444 [Google Scholar]
  285. Wu, J. (2012). Technological collaboration in product innovation: The role of market competition and sectoral technological intensity. Research Policy, 41(2): 489–496, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.001 [Google Scholar]
  286. Wu, J. and Pangarkar, N. (2009). The bidirectional relationship between competitive intensity and collaboration: Evidence from China. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 27(3): 503–522, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9156­1 [Google Scholar]
  287. Ye, K., Jiang, W. and Shen, L. (2008). Project competition intensity (PCI) in the construction market: a case study in China. Construction Management and Economics, 26(5): 463–470, https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190802036136 [Google Scholar]
  288. Zollo, M. and Winter, S.G. (2002). Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. Organization Science, 13(3): 339–351, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.13.3.339.2780 [Google Scholar]
  289. Abramo, G., Cicero, T. and D’Angelo, C.A. (2012). The dispersion of research performance within and between universities as a potential indicator of the competitive intensity in higher education systems. Journal of Informetrics, 6(2): 155–168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2011.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  290. Auh, S. and Menguc, B. (2005). Balancing exploration and exploitation: The moderating role of competitive intensity. Journal of Business Research, 58(12): 1652–1661, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2004.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  291. Bajtelsmit, V.L. and Bouzouita, R. (1998). Market Structure and Performance in Private Passenger Automobile Insurance. The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 65(3): 503, https://doi.org/10.2307/253662 [Google Scholar]
  292. Becker, W. and Dietz, J. (2004). R&D cooperation and innovation activities of frms – evidence for the German manufacturing industry. Research Policy, 33(2): 209–223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2003.07.003 [Google Scholar]
  293. Bengtsson, M., Eriksson, J. and Wincent, J. (2010). Co­opetition dynamics – an outline for further inquiry. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness, 20(2): 194–214, https://doi.org/10.1108/10595421011029893 [Google Scholar]
  294. Bengtsson, M. and Kock, S. (2000). Coopetition in Business Networks – to Cooperate and Compete Simultaneously. Industrial Marketing Management, 29(5): 411–426, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-8501(99)00067-X [Google Scholar]
  295. Bochen, A.A. et al. (2015). Polish Oil, Warszawa: Quixi Media. [Google Scholar]
  296. Boso, N., Cadogan, J.W. and Story, V.M. (2012). Complementary effect of entrepreneurial and market orientations on export new product success under differing levels of competitive intensity and fnancial capital. International Business Review, 21(4): 667–681, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2011.07.009 [Google Scholar]
  297. Chan, R.Y.K. et al. (2012). Environmental orientation and corporate performance: The mediation mechanism of green supply chain management and moderating effect of competitive intensity. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(4): 621–630, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.04.009 [Google Scholar]
  298. Chen, C.X. et al. (2015). The Effect of Competition Intensity and Competition Type on the Use of Customer Satisfaction Measures in Executive Annual Bonus Contracts. The Accounting Review, 90(1): 229–263, https://doi.org/10.2308/accr­50870 [Google Scholar]
  299. Chen, M.-J. (1996). Competitor Analysis Toward a Rivalry: and Interfrm Integration Theoretical. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1): 100–134. [Google Scholar]
  300. Chen, Y. et al. (2015). IT capabilities and product innovation performance: The roles of corporate entrepreneurship and competitive intensity. Information & Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.05.003 [Google Scholar]
  301. Chien, T.-H. and Peng, T.-J.A. (2005). Competition and cooperation intensity in a network–a case study in Taiwan simulator industry. Journal of American Academy of Business, 7: 150–156. [Google Scholar]
  302. Cui, A.S., Griffth, D.A. and Cavusgil, S.T. (2005). The influence of competitive intensity and market dynamism on knowledge management capabilities of multinational corporation subsidiaries. Journal of International Marketing, 13(3): 32–53, https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.13.3.32 [Google Scholar]
  303. Czakon, W. (2005). Ku systemowej teorii przewagi konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstwa. Przegląd Organizacji, 5: 5–8. [Google Scholar]
  304. Czakon, W. (2011). Metodyka systematycznego przeglądu literatury. Przegląd Organizacji, 3: 57–61. [Google Scholar]
  305. Czakon, W. (2013). Strategia koopetycji w rozwoju organizacji. Organizacja i Zarządzanie, 52(1147): 127–134. [Google Scholar]
  306. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition Research Landscape – A Systematic Literature Review 1997–2010. Journal of Economics & Management, 17: 121–150. [Google Scholar]
  307. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Sołtysik, M. (2012). Relacje koopetycji w tworzeniu efektywności rynku. Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów. Warszawa: Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. [Google Scholar]
  308. Czakon, W. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition typology revisited – a behavioural approach. International Journal of Business Environment, 6(1): 28–46, https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBE.2014.058022 [Google Scholar]
  309. Dagnino, G.B. et al. (2008). Strategie koopetycji – nowa forma dynamiki międzyorganizacyjnej? Przegląd Organizacji, 6: 3–7. [Google Scholar]
  310. Dagnino, G.B. and Padula, G. (2002). Coopetition Strategy. A new kind of interfrm dynamics for value creation. Innovative Research in Management, EURAM – The European Academy of Management: 1–31. [Google Scholar]
  311. Dansby, R.E. and Willig, R.D. (1979). Industry Performance Gradient Indexes. The American Economic Review, 69(3): 249–260. [Google Scholar]
  312. Dawes, J. and Nenycz-Thiel, M. (2013). Analyzing the intensity of private label competition across retailers. Journal of Business Research, 66(1): 60–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.07.023 [Google Scholar]
  313. Dess, G.G. and Robinson, R.B. (1984). Measuring orgnizational peformance in the absense of objective measures: The case of the privately-held frm and conglomerate business unit. Strategic Management Journal, 5(3): 265–273, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050306 [Google Scholar]
  314. Dyer, J.H. and Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management.The Academy of Management Review, 23(4): 660–679. [Google Scholar]
  315. Eisenhardt, K.M. and Martin, J.A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: what are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21(10–11): 1105–1121, https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1105::AID-SMJ133>3.0.CO;2-E [Google Scholar]
  316. Fischer, T. and Kamerschen, D.R. (2003). Measuring Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry Using the Rosse-Panzar Test and Cross-Sectional Regression Analyses. Journal of Applied Economics, 6(1): 73–93. [Google Scholar]
  317. Jackowicz, K. and Kowalewski, O. (2002). Koncentracja działalności sektora bankowego w Polsce w latach 1994–2000. Projekt badawczy Nr 5 H02C 041 21 fnansowanego przez Komitet Badań Naukowych w latach 2001–2002. [Google Scholar]
  318. Jankowska, B. and Bartosik­Purgat, M. (2012). Perceptions of the results of cooperation with rivals–the perspective of Danish, Japanese and Polish companies. Does the cultural background matter? In Poznań University Of Economics Review, 12(4): 14–28. [Google Scholar]
  319. Jaworski, B.J. and Kohli, A.K. (1993). Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57: 53–70, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251854 [Google Scholar]
  320. Jermias, J. (2006). Competitive Intensity As a Quasi-Moderator of the Relationship Between Innovative Efforts and Performance. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 8(3): 281–299. [Google Scholar]
  321. Jermias, J. (2008). The relative influence of competitive intensity and business strategy on the relationship between fnancial leverage and performance. British Accounting Review, 40(1): 71–86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2007.11.001 [Google Scholar]
  322. Ju, M. and Zhao, H. (2009). Behind organizational slack and frm performance in China: The moderating roles of ownership and competitive intensity. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 26(4): 701–717, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9148­1 [Google Scholar]
  323. Kamiński, J. (2012). Podstawy metodyczne wskaźnikowej oceny siły rynkowej w sektorze elektroenergetycznym. Polityka Energetyczna: 65–76. [Google Scholar]
  324. Lee, I.-W., Feiock, R.C. and Lee, Y. (2012). Competitors and Cooperators: A Micro-Level Analysis of Regional Economic Development Collaboration Networks. Public Administration Review, 72(2): 253, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540­6210.2011.02501.x [Google Scholar]
  325. Lee, R. (2009). Social capital and business and management: Setting a research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(3): 247–273, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468­2370.2008.00244.x [Google Scholar]
  326. Lemaire, D. and Lemaire, P. (1998). The Structure of Private and Commercial Auto Liability. [Google Scholar]
  327. Leonidou, L.C. et al. (2013). Antecedents and Consequences of an Eco-Friendly Export Marketing Strategy: The Moderating Role of Competitive Intensity. 21(3): 22–46. [Google Scholar]
  328. Li, J.J., Poppo, L. and Zhou, K.Z. (2008). Do managerial ties in China always produce value? Competition, uncertainty, and domestic vs. foreign frms. Strategic Management Journal, 29: 383–400, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.665 [Google Scholar]
  329. Lijesen, M.G., Nijkamp, P. and Rietveld, P. (2002). Measuring competition in civil aviation. Journal of Air Transport Management, 8(3): 189–197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969­6997(01)00048­5 [Google Scholar]
  330. Luo, Y. (2004). Coopetition in International Business. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. [Google Scholar]
  331. Lusch, R.F. and Laczniak, G.R. (1987). The evolving marketing concept, competitive intensity and organizational performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 15(3): 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02722166 [Google Scholar]
  332. Mahapatra, S.K., Das, A. and Narasimhan, R. (2012). A contingent theory of supplier management initiatives: Effects of competitive intensity and product life cycle. Journal of Operations Management, 30(5): 406–422, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2012.03.004 [Google Scholar]
  333. Miller, D. (1988). Relating Porter’s business strategies to environment and structure: analysis and performance implications. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 280–308, https://doi.org/10.2307/256549 [Google Scholar]
  334. Moothathu, T.S.K. (1990). The Best Estimator and a Strongly Consistent Asymptotically Normal Unbiased Estimator of Lorenz Curve Gini Index and Theil Entropy Index of Pareto Distribution. Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series B, 52(1): 115–127. [Google Scholar]
  335. Narver, J.C. and Slater, S.F. (1990). The effect of Market Orientation on Business Proftability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4): 20–35, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251757 [Google Scholar]
  336. Navarro-García, A., Schmidt, A.C.-M. and Rey-Moreno, M. (2015). Antecedents and consequences of export entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 68(7): 1532–1538, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.047 [Google Scholar]
  337. O’Cass, A. and Ngo, L.V. (2007). Balancing external adaptation and internal effectiveness: Achieving better brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 60(1): 11–20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.08.003 [Google Scholar]
  338. O’Cass, A. and Weerawardena, J. (2010). The effects of perceived industry competitive intensity and marketing­related capabilities: Drivers of superior brand performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(4): 571–581, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2009.04.002 [Google Scholar]
  339. Park, B.­J. (Robert), Srivastava, M.K. and Gnyawali, D.R. (2014). Walking the tight rope of coopetition: Impact of competition and cooperation intensities and balance on frm innovation performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 210–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.11.003 [Google Scholar]
  340. Pearce II, J.A., Robbins, D.K. and Robinson Jr., R.B. (1987). The impact of grand strategy and planning formality on fnancial performance. Strategic Management Journal, 8: 125–134, https:// doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250080204 [Google Scholar]
  341. Pecotich, A., Hattie, J. and Low, L.P. (1999). Development of industruct: A scale for the measurement of perceptions of industry structure. Marketing Letters, 10(4): 409–422, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008174623201 [Google Scholar]
  342. Peteraf, M.A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14: 179–819, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303 [Google Scholar]
  343. Porter, M.E. (1992). Strategia konkurencji. Metody analizy sektorów i konkurentów. Warszawa: Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne. [Google Scholar]
  344. Porter, M.E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Harvard Business Review, 2(March–April): 73–91, https://doi.org/10.1007/978­1­349­11336­1 [Google Scholar]
  345. Porter, M.E. (1991). Towards a dynamic theory of strategy. Strategic Management Journal, 12: 95–117, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250121008 [Google Scholar]
  346. Raisch, S. et al. (2009). Organizational Ambidexterity: Balancing Exploitation and Exploration for Sustained Performance. Organization Science, 20(4): 685–695, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1090.0428 [Google Scholar]
  347. Ramaswamy, K. (2001). Organizational ownership, competitive intensity, and frm performance: an empirical study of the Indian manufacturing sector. Strategic Management Journal, 22(10): 989–998, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.204 [Google Scholar]
  348. Rumelt, R.P. (1991). How much does industry matter? Strategic Management Journal, 12: 167–185. Souare, M. (2013). Canada – US productivity gap: the role of competition intensity differential. International Review of Applied Economics, 27(3): 404–428, https://doi.org/10.1080/02692171.2012.736479 [Google Scholar]
  349. Stańczyk-Hugiet, E. (2012). Paradygmat relacji – czy to nowa jakość w zarządzaniu? Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów, 116: 163–173. [Google Scholar]
  350. Tranfeld, D., Denyer, D. and Smart, P. (2003). Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence-Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review. British Journal of Management, 14(3): 207–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467­8551.00375 [Google Scholar]
  351. Tsai, K.-H., Chou, C. and Kuo, J.H. (2008). The curvilinear relationships between responsive and proactive market orientations and new product performance: A contingent link. Industrial Marketing Management, 37(8): 884–894, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2007.03.005 [Google Scholar]
  352. Tsai, K.-H. and Hsu, T.T. (2014). Cross-Functional collaboration, competitive intensity, knowledge integration mechanisms, and new product performance: A mediated moderation model. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 293–303, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.08.012 [Google Scholar]
  353. Tsaur, S.-H. and Wang, C.-H. (2011). Personal ties, reciprocity, competitive intensity, and performance of the strategic alliances in Taiwan’s travel industry. The Service Industries Journal, 31(6): 911–928, https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060903078735 [Google Scholar]
  354. Vroom, G. and Gimeno, J. (2007). Ownership form, managerial incentives and the intensity of rivalry. Academy of Management Journal, 50(4): 901–922, https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2007.26279210 [Google Scholar]
  355. Weerawardena, J., O’Cass, A. and Julian, C. (2006). Does industry matter? Examining the role of industry structure and organizational learning in innovation and brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 59(1): 37–45, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.02.004 [Google Scholar]
  356. Wieseke, J. et al. (2012). Multiple Identifcation Foci and Their Countervailing Effects on Salespeople’s Negative Headquarters Stereotypes. Journal of Marketing, 76(3): 1–20, https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.10.0444 [Google Scholar]
  357. Wu, J. (2012). Technological collaboration in product innovation: The role of market competition and sectoral technological intensity. Research Policy, 41(2): 489–496, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.001 [Google Scholar]
  358. Wu, J. and Pangarkar, N. (2009). The bidirectional relationship between competitive intensity and collaboration: Evidence from China. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 27(3): 503–522, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9156­1 [Google Scholar]
  359. Ye, K., Jiang, W. and Shen, L. (2008). Project competition intensity (PCI) in the construction market: a case study in China. Construction Management and Economics, 26(5): 463–470, https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190802036136 [Google Scholar]
  360. Zollo, M. and Winter, S.G. (2002). Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. Organization Science, 13(3): 339–351, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.13.3.339.2780 [Google Scholar]
  361. Abramo, G., Cicero, T. and D’Angelo, C.A. (2012). The dispersion of research performance within and between universities as a potential indicator of the competitive intensity in higher education systems. Journal of Informetrics, 6(2): 155–168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2011.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  362. Auh, S. and Menguc, B. (2005). Balancing exploration and exploitation: The moderating role of competitive intensity. Journal of Business Research, 58(12): 1652–1661, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2004.11.007 [Google Scholar]
  363. Bajtelsmit, V.L. and Bouzouita, R. (1998). Market Structure and Performance in Private Passenger Automobile Insurance. The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 65(3): 503, https://doi.org/10.2307/253662 [Google Scholar]
  364. Becker, W. and Dietz, J. (2004). R&D cooperation and innovation activities of frms – evidence for the German manufacturing industry. Research Policy, 33(2): 209–223, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2003.07.003 [Google Scholar]
  365. Bengtsson, M., Eriksson, J. and Wincent, J. (2010). Co­opetition dynamics – an outline for further inquiry. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness, 20(2): 194–214, https://doi.org/10.1108/10595421011029893 [Google Scholar]
  366. Bengtsson, M. and Kock, S. (2000). Coopetition in Business Networks – to Cooperate and Compete Simultaneously. Industrial Marketing Management, 29(5): 411–426, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-8501(99)00067-X [Google Scholar]
  367. Bochen, A.A. et al. (2015). Polish Oil, Warszawa: Quixi Media. [Google Scholar]
  368. Boso, N., Cadogan, J.W. and Story, V.M. (2012). Complementary effect of entrepreneurial and market orientations on export new product success under differing levels of competitive intensity and fnancial capital. International Business Review, 21(4): 667–681, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2011.07.009 [Google Scholar]
  369. Chan, R.Y.K. et al. (2012). Environmental orientation and corporate performance: The mediation mechanism of green supply chain management and moderating effect of competitive intensity. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(4): 621–630, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.04.009 [Google Scholar]
  370. Chen, C.X. et al. (2015). The Effect of Competition Intensity and Competition Type on the Use of Customer Satisfaction Measures in Executive Annual Bonus Contracts. The Accounting Review, 90(1): 229–263, https://doi.org/10.2308/accr­50870 [Google Scholar]
  371. Chen, M.-J. (1996). Competitor Analysis Toward a Rivalry: and Interfrm Integration Theoretical. The Academy of Management Review, 21(1): 100–134. [Google Scholar]
  372. Chen, Y. et al. (2015). IT capabilities and product innovation performance: The roles of corporate entrepreneurship and competitive intensity. Information & Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.05.003 [Google Scholar]
  373. Chien, T.-H. and Peng, T.-J.A. (2005). Competition and cooperation intensity in a network–a case study in Taiwan simulator industry. Journal of American Academy of Business, 7: 150–156. [Google Scholar]
  374. Cui, A.S., Griffth, D.A. and Cavusgil, S.T. (2005). The influence of competitive intensity and market dynamism on knowledge management capabilities of multinational corporation subsidiaries. Journal of International Marketing, 13(3): 32–53, https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.13.3.32 [Google Scholar]
  375. Czakon, W. (2005). Ku systemowej teorii przewagi konkurencyjnej przedsiębiorstwa. Przegląd Organizacji, 5: 5–8. [Google Scholar]
  376. Czakon, W. (2011). Metodyka systematycznego przeglądu literatury. Przegląd Organizacji, 3: 57–61. [Google Scholar]
  377. Czakon, W. (2013). Strategia koopetycji w rozwoju organizacji. Organizacja i Zarządzanie, 52(1147): 127–134. [Google Scholar]
  378. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition Research Landscape – A Systematic Literature Review 1997–2010. Journal of Economics & Management, 17: 121–150. [Google Scholar]
  379. Czakon, W., Mucha-Kuś, K. and Sołtysik, M. (2012). Relacje koopetycji w tworzeniu efektywności rynku. Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów. Warszawa: Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. [Google Scholar]
  380. Czakon, W. and Rogalski, M. (2014). Coopetition typology revisited – a behavioural approach. International Journal of Business Environment, 6(1): 28–46, https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBE.2014.058022 [Google Scholar]
  381. Dagnino, G.B. et al. (2008). Strategie koopetycji – nowa forma dynamiki międzyorganizacyjnej? Przegląd Organizacji, 6: 3–7. [Google Scholar]
  382. Dagnino, G.B. and Padula, G. (2002). Coopetition Strategy. A new kind of interfrm dynamics for value creation. Innovative Research in Management, EURAM – The European Academy of Management: 1–31. [Google Scholar]
  383. Dansby, R.E. and Willig, R.D. (1979). Industry Performance Gradient Indexes. The American Economic Review, 69(3): 249–260. [Google Scholar]
  384. Dawes, J. and Nenycz-Thiel, M. (2013). Analyzing the intensity of private label competition across retailers. Journal of Business Research, 66(1): 60–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.07.023 [Google Scholar]
  385. Dess, G.G. and Robinson, R.B. (1984). Measuring orgnizational peformance in the absense of objective measures: The case of the privately-held frm and conglomerate business unit. Strategic Management Journal, 5(3): 265–273, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250050306 [Google Scholar]
  386. Dyer, J.H. and Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management.The Academy of Management Review, 23(4): 660–679. [Google Scholar]
  387. Eisenhardt, K.M. and Martin, J.A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: what are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21(10–11): 1105–1121, https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0266(200010/11)21:10/11<1105::AID-SMJ133>3.0.CO;2-E [Google Scholar]
  388. Fischer, T. and Kamerschen, D.R. (2003). Measuring Competition in the U.S. Airline Industry Using the Rosse-Panzar Test and Cross-Sectional Regression Analyses. Journal of Applied Economics, 6(1): 73–93. [Google Scholar]
  389. Jackowicz, K. and Kowalewski, O. (2002). Koncentracja działalności sektora bankowego w Polsce w latach 1994–2000. Projekt badawczy Nr 5 H02C 041 21 fnansowanego przez Komitet Badań Naukowych w latach 2001–2002. [Google Scholar]
  390. Jankowska, B. and Bartosik­Purgat, M. (2012). Perceptions of the results of cooperation with rivals–the perspective of Danish, Japanese and Polish companies. Does the cultural background matter? In Poznań University Of Economics Review, 12(4): 14–28. [Google Scholar]
  391. Jaworski, B.J. and Kohli, A.K. (1993). Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of Marketing, 57: 53–70, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251854 [Google Scholar]
  392. Jermias, J. (2006). Competitive Intensity As a Quasi-Moderator of the Relationship Between Innovative Efforts and Performance. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 8(3): 281–299. [Google Scholar]
  393. Jermias, J. (2008). The relative influence of competitive intensity and business strategy on the relationship between fnancial leverage and performance. British Accounting Review, 40(1): 71–86, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bar.2007.11.001 [Google Scholar]
  394. Ju, M. and Zhao, H. (2009). Behind organizational slack and frm performance in China: The moderating roles of ownership and competitive intensity. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 26(4): 701–717, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9148­1 [Google Scholar]
  395. Kamiński, J. (2012). Podstawy metodyczne wskaźnikowej oceny siły rynkowej w sektorze elektroenergetycznym. Polityka Energetyczna: 65–76. [Google Scholar]
  396. Lee, I.-W., Feiock, R.C. and Lee, Y. (2012). Competitors and Cooperators: A Micro-Level Analysis of Regional Economic Development Collaboration Networks. Public Administration Review, 72(2): 253, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540­6210.2011.02501.x [Google Scholar]
  397. Lee, R. (2009). Social capital and business and management: Setting a research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 11(3): 247–273, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468­2370.2008.00244.x [Google Scholar]
  398. Lemaire, D. and Lemaire, P. (1998). The Structure of Private and Commercial Auto Liability. [Google Scholar]
  399. Leonidou, L.C. et al. (2013). Antecedents and Consequences of an Eco-Friendly Export Marketing Strategy: The Moderating Role of Competitive Intensity. 21(3): 22–46. [Google Scholar]
  400. Li, J.J., Poppo, L. and Zhou, K.Z. (2008). Do managerial ties in China always produce value? Competition, uncertainty, and domestic vs. foreign frms. Strategic Management Journal, 29: 383–400, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.665 [Google Scholar]
  401. Lijesen, M.G., Nijkamp, P. and Rietveld, P. (2002). Measuring competition in civil aviation. Journal of Air Transport Management, 8(3): 189–197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969­6997(01)00048­5 [Google Scholar]
  402. Luo, Y. (2004). Coopetition in International Business. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. [Google Scholar]
  403. Lusch, R.F. and Laczniak, G.R. (1987). The evolving marketing concept, competitive intensity and organizational performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 15(3): 1–11, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02722166 [Google Scholar]
  404. Mahapatra, S.K., Das, A. and Narasimhan, R. (2012). A contingent theory of supplier management initiatives: Effects of competitive intensity and product life cycle. Journal of Operations Management, 30(5): 406–422, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2012.03.004 [Google Scholar]
  405. Miller, D. (1988). Relating Porter’s business strategies to environment and structure: analysis and performance implications. Academy of Management Journal, 31(2): 280–308, https://doi.org/10.2307/256549 [Google Scholar]
  406. Moothathu, T.S.K. (1990). The Best Estimator and a Strongly Consistent Asymptotically Normal Unbiased Estimator of Lorenz Curve Gini Index and Theil Entropy Index of Pareto Distribution. Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series B, 52(1): 115–127. [Google Scholar]
  407. Narver, J.C. and Slater, S.F. (1990). The effect of Market Orientation on Business Proftability. Journal of Marketing, 54(4): 20–35, https://doi.org/10.2307/1251757 [Google Scholar]
  408. Navarro-García, A., Schmidt, A.C.-M. and Rey-Moreno, M. (2015). Antecedents and consequences of export entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Research, 68(7): 1532–1538, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.047 [Google Scholar]
  409. O’Cass, A. and Ngo, L.V. (2007). Balancing external adaptation and internal effectiveness: Achieving better brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 60(1): 11–20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.08.003 [Google Scholar]
  410. O’Cass, A. and Weerawardena, J. (2010). The effects of perceived industry competitive intensity and marketing­related capabilities: Drivers of superior brand performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(4): 571–581, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2009.04.002 [Google Scholar]
  411. Park, B.­J. (Robert), Srivastava, M.K. and Gnyawali, D.R. (2014). Walking the tight rope of coopetition: Impact of competition and cooperation intensities and balance on frm innovation performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 210–221, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.11.003 [Google Scholar]
  412. Pearce II, J.A., Robbins, D.K. and Robinson Jr., R.B. (1987). The impact of grand strategy and planning formality on fnancial performance. Strategic Management Journal, 8: 125–134, https:// doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250080204 [Google Scholar]
  413. Pecotich, A., Hattie, J. and Low, L.P. (1999). Development of industruct: A scale for the measurement of perceptions of industry structure. Marketing Letters, 10(4): 409–422, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008174623201 [Google Scholar]
  414. Peteraf, M.A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: A resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14: 179–819, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303 [Google Scholar]
  415. Porter, M.E. (1992). Strategia konkurencji. Metody analizy sektorów i konkurentów. Warszawa: Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne. [Google Scholar]
  416. Porter, M.E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations. Harvard Business Review, 2(March–April): 73–91, https://doi.org/10.1007/978­1­349­11336­1 [Google Scholar]
  417. Porter, M.E. (1991). Towards a dynamic theory of strategy. Strategic Management Journal, 12: 95–117, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250121008 [Google Scholar]
  418. Raisch, S. et al. (2009). Organizational Ambidexterity: Balancing Exploitation and Exploration for Sustained Performance. Organization Science, 20(4): 685–695, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1090.0428 [Google Scholar]
  419. Ramaswamy, K. (2001). Organizational ownership, competitive intensity, and frm performance: an empirical study of the Indian manufacturing sector. Strategic Management Journal, 22(10): 989–998, https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.204 [Google Scholar]
  420. Rumelt, R.P. (1991). How much does industry matter? Strategic Management Journal, 12: 167–185. Souare, M. (2013). Canada – US productivity gap: the role of competition intensity differential. International Review of Applied Economics, 27(3): 404–428, https://doi.org/10.1080/02692171.2012.736479 [Google Scholar]
  421. Stańczyk-Hugiet, E. (2012). Paradygmat relacji – czy to nowa jakość w zarządzaniu? Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów, 116: 163–173. [Google Scholar]
  422. Tranfeld, D., Denyer, D. and Smart, P. (2003). Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence-Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review. British Journal of Management, 14(3): 207–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/1467­8551.00375 [Google Scholar]
  423. Tsai, K.-H., Chou, C. and Kuo, J.H. (2008). The curvilinear relationships between responsive and proactive market orientations and new product performance: A contingent link. Industrial Marketing Management, 37(8): 884–894, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2007.03.005 [Google Scholar]
  424. Tsai, K.-H. and Hsu, T.T. (2014). Cross-Functional collaboration, competitive intensity, knowledge integration mechanisms, and new product performance: A mediated moderation model. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(2): 293–303, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.08.012 [Google Scholar]
  425. Tsaur, S.-H. and Wang, C.-H. (2011). Personal ties, reciprocity, competitive intensity, and performance of the strategic alliances in Taiwan’s travel industry. The Service Industries Journal, 31(6): 911–928, https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060903078735 [Google Scholar]
  426. Vroom, G. and Gimeno, J. (2007). Ownership form, managerial incentives and the intensity of rivalry. Academy of Management Journal, 50(4): 901–922, https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2007.26279210 [Google Scholar]
  427. Weerawardena, J., O’Cass, A. and Julian, C. (2006). Does industry matter? Examining the role of industry structure and organizational learning in innovation and brand performance. Journal of Business Research, 59(1): 37–45, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.02.004 [Google Scholar]
  428. Wieseke, J. et al. (2012). Multiple Identifcation Foci and Their Countervailing Effects on Salespeople’s Negative Headquarters Stereotypes. Journal of Marketing, 76(3): 1–20, https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.10.0444 [Google Scholar]
  429. Wu, J. (2012). Technological collaboration in product innovation: The role of market competition and sectoral technological intensity. Research Policy, 41(2): 489–496, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.001 [Google Scholar]
  430. Wu, J. and Pangarkar, N. (2009). The bidirectional relationship between competitive intensity and collaboration: Evidence from China. Asia Pacifc Journal of Management, 27(3): 503–522, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490­009­9156­1 [Google Scholar]
  431. Ye, K., Jiang, W. and Shen, L. (2008). Project competition intensity (PCI) in the construction market: a case study in China. Construction Management and Economics, 26(5): 463–470, https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190802036136 [Google Scholar]
  432. Zollo, M. and Winter, S.G. (2002). Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. Organization Science, 13(3): 339–351, https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.13.3.339.2780 [Google Scholar]

Full metadata record

Cite this record

APA style

Kwieciński, Dariusz (2017). Kwieciński, D.. (2017). Measures of Competitive Intensity – Analysis Based on Literature Review. Central European Management Journal, 25(1), 53-77. https://doi.org/10.7206/jmba.ce.2450-7814.189 (Original work published 2017)

MLA style

Kwieciński, Dariusz. Kwieciński, D.. “Measures Of Competitive Intensity – Analysis Based On Literature Review”. 2017. Central European Management Journal, vol. 25, no. 1, 2017, pp. 53-77.

Chicago style

Kwieciński, Dariusz. Kwieciński, Dariusz . “Measures Of Competitive Intensity – Analysis Based On Literature Review”. Central European Management Journal, Central European Management Journal, 25, no. 1 (2017): 53-77. doi:10.7206/jmba.ce.2450-7814.189.